Table 1. Patients demographic and clinical characteristics.
| Parameters | Control (n=52) | PH (n=94) | All (n=146) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | 0.60 | |||
| Male | 22 (42.31) | 44 (46.81) | 66 (45.21) | |
| Female | 30 (57.69) | 50 (53.19) | 80 (54.79) | |
| Age, years | 57.69±13.40 | 66.51±12.35 | 63.37±13.38 | <0.001 |
| Weight, kg | 62.30±13.19 | 59.23±10.88 | 60.48±11.92 | 0.16 |
| Height, cm | 163.70±8.02 | 162.45±8.62 | 162.96±8.37 | 0.41 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 23.12±3.83 | 22.47±3.42 | 22.74±3.60 | 0.33 |
| Living altitude | 0.68 | |||
| 3,000–4,000 m | 32 (61.54) | 61 (64.89) | 93 (63.70) | |
| >4,000 m | 20 (38.46) | 33 (35.11) | 53 (36.30) | |
| Tuberculosis history | 0.002 | |||
| Yes | 0 | 16 (17.02) | 16 (10.96) | |
| No | 52 (100.00) | 78 (82.98) | 130 (89.04) | |
| COPD history | 0.002 | |||
| Yes | 0 | 14 (14.89) | 14 (9.59) | |
| No | 52 (100.00) | 80 (85.11) | 132 (90.41) | |
| Systemic hypertension | <0.001 | |||
| Yes | 0 | 50 (53.19) | 50 (34.25) | |
| No | 52 (100.00) | 44 (46.81) | 96 (65.75) | |
| Diabetes mellitus | 0.65 | |||
| Yes | 1 (1.92) | 4 (4.26) | 5 (3.42) | |
| No | 51 (98.08) | 90 (95.74) | 141 (96.58) | |
| Anemia | 0.009 | |||
| Yes | 1 (1.96) | 15 (16.30) | 16 (11.19) | |
| No | 50 (98.04) | 77 (83.70) | 127 (88.81) | |
| Hepatobiliary diseases | 0.69 | |||
| Yes | 6 (11.54) | 13 (13.83) | 19 (13.01) | |
| No | 46 (88.46) | 81 (86.17) | 127 (86.99) | |
| Hyperuricemia | <0.001 | |||
| Yes | 8 (15.38) | 48 (51.06) | 56 (38.36) | |
| No | 44 (84.62) | 46 (48.94) | 90 (61.64) | |
| Hyperlipidemia type | 0.08 | |||
| Hypercholesterolemia | 5 (11.36) | 6 (7.23) | 11 (8.66) | |
| hypertriglyceridemia | 2 (4.55) | 0 | 2 (1.57) | |
| No | 37 (84.09) | 77 (92.77) | 114 (89.76) | |
| Lower limb edema | <0.001 | |||
| No | 52 (100.00) | 48 (51.06) | 100 (68.49) | |
| Slight | 0 | 13 (13.83) | 13 (8.90) | |
| Moderate | 0 | 31 (32.98) | 31 (21.23) | |
| Severe | 0 | 2 (2.13) | 2 (1.37) | |
| NYHA functional classification | <0.001 | |||
| I | 52 (100.00) | 23 (24.47) | 75 (51.37) | |
| II | 0 | 32 (34.04) | 32 (21.92) | |
| III | 0 | 29 (30.85) | 29 (19.86) | |
| IV | 0 | 10 (10.64) | 10 (6.85) | |
| Oxygen saturation on admission, % | 92.83±3.35 | 87.12±7.86 | 89.20±7.12 | <0.001 |
| Heart rate on admission, bpm | 78.23±10.29 | 84.55±16.23 | 82.00±14.43 | 0.01 |
| SBP, mmHg | 117.54±11.34 | 137.57±24.39 | 130.44±22.79 | <0.001 |
| DBP, mmHg | 78.96±7.35 | 92.51±19.25 | 87.68±17.29 | <0.001 |
| Pleural effusion | <0.001 | |||
| No | 52 (100.00) | 58 (61.70) | 110 (75.34) | |
| Slight | 0 | 27 (28.72) | 27 (18.49) | |
| Moderate | 0 | 9 (9.57) | 9 (6.16) | |
| Pericardial effusion | <0.001 | |||
| No | 52 (100.00) | 68 (72.34) | 120 (82.19) | |
| Slight | 0 | 18 (19.15) | 18 (12.33) | |
| Moderate | 0 | 8 (8.51) | 8 (5.48) | |
| Calcific aortic valve disease | <0.001 | |||
| Yes | 1 (1.96) | 27 (28.72) | 28 (19.31) | |
| No | 50 (98.04) | 67 (71.28) | 117 (80.69) | |
Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation or number (percentage). Anemia has three missing values (1 control, 2 PH), Hyperlipidemia type has 19 missing values (8 control, 11 PH), and Calcific aortic valve disease has one missing value in the control group. BMI, body mass index; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; NYHA, New York Heart Association; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; PH, pulmonary hypertension.