Table 1.
Study participant characteristics, Survey of Racism and Public Health, 2023.
| Characteristic | N | Overall N = 5040 |
White N = 2420 |
Latinx N = 1027 |
Black N = 879 |
AA/PI N = 419 |
Multiracial N = 158 |
AI/AN/A/ME/NA N = 137 |
p-value1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 5038 | <0.001 | |||||||
| Mean (SD) | 47.0 (17.5) | 56.2 (15.9) | 34.8 (12.7) | 40.8 (15.3) | 41.9 (14.3) | 38.2 (14.6) | 41.9 (14.6) | ||
| Range | 18.0, 90.0 | 18.0, 90.0 | 18.0, 88.0 | 18.0, 83.0 | 18.0, 86.0 | 18.0, 79.0 | 18.0, 75.0 | ||
| Gender identity, No. (%) | 5010 | <0.001 | |||||||
| Man | 2519 (50.3%) | 1533 (63.5%) | 358 (35.3%) | 346 (39.5%) | 165 (39.7%) | 56 (35.9%) | 61 (44.9%) | ||
| Woman | 2491 (49.7%) | 881 (36.5%) | 655 (64.7%) | 529 (60.5%) | 251 (60.3%) | 100 (64.1%) | 75 (55.1%) | ||
| Educational attainment, No. (%) | 5016 | <0.001 | |||||||
| High School | 1280 (25.5%) | 497 (20.6%) | 329 (32.2%) | 320 (36.5%) | 52 (12.4%) | 39 (24.7%) | 43 (31.9%) | ||
| Some College | 1639 (32.7%) | 750 (31.1%) | 353 (34.6%) | 329 (37.6%) | 81 (19.4%) | 69 (43.7%) | 57 (42.2%) | ||
| College Degree | 2097 (41.8%) | 1161 (48.2%) | 339 (33.2%) | 227 (25.9%) | 285 (68.2%) | 50 (31.6%) | 35 (25.9%) | ||
| Marital status, No. (%) | 5038 | <0.001 | |||||||
| Other | 2368 (47.0%) | 909 (37.6%) | 534 (52.0%) | 589 (67.1%) | 186 (44.4%) | 80 (50.6%) | 70 (51.1%) | ||
| Married/Living with partner | 2670 (53.0%) | 1510 (62.4%) | 493 (48.0%) | 289 (32.9%) | 233 (55.6%) | 78 (49.4%) | 67 (48.9%) | ||
| Employment status, No. (%) | 5005 | <0.001 | |||||||
| Other | 2154 (43.0%) | 1179 (49.3%) | 357 (34.8%) | 350 (39.9%) | 137 (32.8%) | 75 (47.5%) | 56 (41.2%) | ||
| Full/part-time | 2851 (57.0%) | 1211 (50.7%) | 669 (65.2%) | 527 (60.1%) | 281 (67.2%) | 83 (52.5%) | 80 (58.8%) | ||
| # Children, No. (%) | 5039 | <0.001 | |||||||
| 0 | 2812 (55.8%) | 1410 (58.3%) | 515 (50.1%) | 491 (55.9%) | 240 (57.3%) | 91 (57.6%) | 65 (47.4%) | ||
| 1 | 998 (19.8%) | 473 (19.5%) | 190 (18.5%) | 198 (22.6%) | 81 (19.3%) | 28 (17.7%) | 28 (20.4%) | ||
| 2+ | 1229 (24.4%) | 537 (22.2%) | 322 (31.4%) | 189 (21.5%) | 98 (23.4%) | 39 (24.7%) | 44 (32.1%) | ||
| Residence, No. (%) | 5040 | <0.001 | |||||||
| Rural | 414 (8.2%) | 315 (13.0%) | 33 (3.2%) | 26 (3.0%) | 7 (1.7%) | 17 (10.8%) | 16 (11.7%) | ||
| Urban | 4626 (91.8%) | 2105 (87.0%) | 994 (96.8%) | 853 (97.0%) | 412 (98.3%) | 141 (89.2%) | 121 (88.3%) | ||
| Health literacy | 5040 | <0.001 | |||||||
| Mean (SD) | 5.1 (2.4) | 4.8 (2.3) | 5.7 (2.6) | 5.3 (2.6) | 5.2 (2.3) | 5.1 (2.3) | 5.9 (2.5) | ||
| Range | 3.0, 15.0 | 3.0, 15.0 | 3.0, 14.0 | 3.0, 14.0 | 3.0, 13.0 | 3.0, 11.0 | 3.0, 15.0 | ||
| Perceived discrimination | 5038 | <0.001 | |||||||
| Mean (SD) | 8.0 (3.8) | 6.3 (3.2) | 9.0 (3.8) | 9.8 (3.8) | 9.4 (3.3) | 10.4 (3.8) | 9.5 (3.9) | ||
| Range | 4.0, 20.0 | 4.0, 20.0 | 4.0, 20.0 | 4.0, 20.0 | 4.0, 20.0 | 4.0, 20.0 | 4.0, 20.0 | ||
| Subjective social status | 5040 | <0.001 | |||||||
| Mean (SD) | 5.9 (2.0) | 6.1 (1.9) | 5.7 (2.1) | 5.4 (2.1) | 6.2 (1.8) | 5.4 (2.0) | 5.5 (2.2) | ||
| Range | 1.0, 10.0 | 1.0, 10.0 | 1.0, 10.0 | 1.0, 10.0 | 1.0, 10.0 | 1.0, 10.0 | 1.0, 10.0 |
Latinx = Hispanic/Latinx, Black = Black/African American, AA/PI = Asian American/Pacific Islander, AI/AN/A/ME/NA = American Indian/Native American/Arab/Middle Eastern/North African, SD = Standard Deviation.
1
Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test; Pearson's Chi-squared test.