Table 1.
Study population characteristics. The population included patients and providers.
| Patient Characteristics | Results (N = 20) | |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 30 (2) | |
| BMI (kg/m2 ) | 38 (6) | |
| Gravidity | 2 [1–3] | |
| Parity | 1.5 [1–2] | |
| Number of prior cesarean deliveries | 0 [0–1] | |
| Mental Health History | ||
| Anxiety or Depression | 12 (60%) | |
| Other Mental Illness | 3 (15%) | |
| Racial Identity | ||
| White | 14 (70%) | |
| African American | 4 (20%) | |
| Asian | 2 (10%) | |
| Education Level | ||
| Some high school, no diploma | 1 (5%) | |
| High school diploma | 5 (25%) | |
| Bachelor’s Degree | 11 (55%) | |
| Master’s Degree | 1 (5%) | |
| Doctorate Degree | 2 (10%) | |
| Average Household Income | ||
| Less than 50,000 | 6 (30%) | |
| 50,000–100,000 | 4 (20%) | |
| 100,000–150,000 | 5 (25%) | |
| 150,000 or more | 5 (25%) | |
| Anesthesia Type | ||
| Spinal | 13 (65%) | |
| Epidural | 9 (45%) | |
| General Anesthesia | 0 (0%) | |
| Other | 0 (0%) | |
| Reason for Cesarean Delivery* | ||
| Arrest of Descent/Dilation | 2 (9%) | |
| Non-Reassuring Fetal Status | 5 (23%) | |
| Elective Repeat | 6 (27%) | |
| Malpresentation | 5 (23%) | |
| Other | 4 (18%) | |
| Provider Characteristics | Results (N = 22) | Average Years in Practice |
| Anesthesiologist | 5 (23%) | 14 (13) |
| CRNA | 5 (23%) | 13 (11) |
| Obstetrician | 3 (14%) | 10 (6) |
| Nurse | 7 (32%) | 8 (7) |
| Other** | 2 (9%) | 12 (10) |
Data are presented as mean (standard deviation), median [interquartile range], or frequency (percentage).