Figure 3.
The metabolite of gut microbiota, β-RA, is downregulated in individuals with CIPOI
(A) Principal-component analysis of metabolites in samples from Cis mice (red points) and Ctrl mice (blue points). Permutational multivariate analysis of variance with the Bray-Curtis distance metric was used to assess the significance of differences between the two groups.
(B) Volcano plots of the metabolites. The data were compared using a two-tailed unpaired Student’s t test.
(C) The differential metabolites between Cis and Ctrl mice. Metabolites with VIP score >1 and p value <0.05 were significant. Blue points and red points in the internal cycle represent the enrichment in Ctrl and Cis mice, respectively. The second, third, and fourth inter-cycle represent the class of metabolites according to the Human Metabolome Database (HMDB) database, the correlation coefficient with Lactobacillus, and VIP scores, respectively. The external cycle shows the Log2 fold of change of each metabolite.
(D) β-RA levels in cecum content and serum from Ctrl and Cis-POI mice (n = 5).
(E) β-RA levels in feces and serum from Ctrl and CIPOI women (n = 8).
(F) β-RA levels in cecal content and serum of mice treated with or without antibiotics (Abx) (n = 5).
(G) β-RA levels in serum from CIPOI mice treated with L. reuteri (109 colony-forming units [CFUs] per day), gavaged to mice from 3 days before cisplatin exposure, and throughout the period of CIPOI modeling (n = 5 for Ctrl, n = 6 for Cis-POI, and Cis-POI+L. reuteri). The data are all presented as the mean ± SEM. ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, ∗∗∗p < 0.001; Spearman’s rho correlation in (C); two-tailed Student’s t test in (D–F); one-way ANOVA following the Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test in (G).