Table 1.
Epidemiological and clinical characteristics.
| Variables | N = 194 | (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (years) (extremes) | 59.13 (40–89) | – |
| Female gender | 112 | 57.7 |
| Low socio-economic level | 109 | 56.2 |
| Diabetes | 20 | 10.30 |
| Type 1 diabetes | 6 | 3.1 |
| Type 2 diabetes | 14 | 7.2 |
| Smoking | 15 | 7.7 |
| Dyslipidaemia | 52 | 26.8 |
| Obesity | 34 | 15.5 |
| Heredity | 16 | 8.24 |
| Alcoholism | 9 | 4.6 |
| Stress | 4 | 2.06 |
| Chronic renal failure | 2 | 1 |
| <2 CVRF | 43 | 22.16 |
| ≥2 CVRF | 151 | 77.83 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg), mean ± SD (extremes) | 171.12 ± 22.38 (140–259) | – |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg), mean ± SD (extremes) | 97.98 ± 17.83 (60–168) | – |
| Heart rate (beats/min), mean ± SD (extremes) | 85.76 ± 18.8 (45–157) | – |
| Weight (kg), mean ± SD (extremes) | 73.98 ± 16.9 (42–137) | – |
| Height (m), mean ± SD (extremes) | 1.64 ± 0.18 (1.63–1.90) | – |
| BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD (extremes) | 28.97 ± 12.66 (17.26–105) | – |
| Abdominal perimeter (cm), mean ± SD (extremes) | 92.65 ± 13 (64–131) | – |
| Headache | 45 | 23.19 |
| Vertigo | 19 | 9.79 |
| Tinnitus | 13 | 6.70 |
| Phosphenes | 10 | 5.15 |
| Epistaxis | 3 | 1.54 |
| Palpitations | 17 | 8.76 |
| Chest pain | 8 | 4.12 |
| Dyspnoea | 16 | 8.24 |
| Normal ECG | 76 | 39.17 |
| Abnormal ECG | 118 | 60.82 |
| LVH | 41 | 21.13 |
| LAH | 24 | 12.37 |
| Branch blocks (RBBB, LBBB, LAHB) | 18 | 9.27 |
| AVB | 7 | 3.60 |
| Repolarisation disorders | 16 | 8.24 |
| Rhythm disorders (AES, VES, AF, AT) | 12 | 6.18 |
| Chest x-ray | – | – |
| CTI, mean ± SD (extremes) | 0.52 ± 0.03 (0.47–0.60) | – |
| Cardiomegaly | 12 | 6.18 |
| Normal echocardiography | 173 | 89.2 |
SD, standard deviation; CVRF, cardiovascular risk factors; ECG, electrocardiogram; LVH, left ventricular hypertrophy; LAH, left atrial hypertrophy; BMI, body mass index; RBBB, right bundle branch block; LBBB, left bundle branch block; LAHB, left anterior hemiblock; AES, atrial extrasystoles; VES, ventricular extrasystoles; AF, atrial fibrillation; AT, atrial tachycardia; AVB, auriculo-ventricular block; CTI, cardio-thoracic index.