Figure 3. Paternal hypercholesterolemia increases atherosclerosis development in F1 female LDL receptor–deficient offspring.

Three-week-old male LDLR^–/– mice were fed an LCD or HCD diet for 8 weeks before mating with control female LDLR^–/– mice. Three-week-old F1 descendants were fed an LCD for 16 weeks. (A–D) Quantitative analysis of the lesion area at the aortic root (A and C) or brachiocephalic artery (B and D) of male (A and B) and female (C and D) offspring (n = 7–11, *P < 0.05, 2-sample, 2-tailed Student’s t test). Representative Oil Red O–stained sections displayed below the quantification data. Scale bar: 200 μm. All data are plotted as mean ± SEM.