Fig. 5.

Exploratory associations between region of interest (ROI)-based brain activation and social cognitive performance scores. (a) Neurosynth meta-analytic maps used to define ROIs based on the term ‘mentalizing’ (red), and a topic-based map which we refer to as ‘simulation’, with top-loading terms including ‘mirror’, ‘system’, ‘neuron’, ‘observation’, and ‘mns’ (blue). (b) ROIs were selected from these clustered maps, including the left and right inferior frontal gyrus [IFG] into premotor cortex for lower-level simulation (blue) and the left and right temporoparietal junction [TPJ] and left and right anterior superior temporal sulcus [STS] for higher-level mentalizing (red). Transdiagnostic associations are shown between beta weights extracted from lower-level ROIs and simulation scores, and higher-level ROIs and mentalizing scores. Participant data points are colored by diagnostic group. Aut: autism; SSDs: schizophrenia spectrum disorders; TDC: typically developing controls