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. 2024 Aug 10;16(8):e66614. doi: 10.7759/cureus.66614

Table 3. List of studies included in this research.

No Title Authors Citation
1 Social Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults as a Risk Factor for Disability Makizako et al. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2015, 16(11):1003.e7-11.
2 Social Frailty Is Associated with Physical Functioning, Cognition, and Depression, and Predicts Mortality Ma et al. J Nutr Health Aging.2018;22(8):989-995.
3 Reciprocal Relationship Between Locomotive Syndrome and Social Frailty in Older Adults Ono et al. Geriatr Gerontol Int.2021, 21(11):981-984.
4 Social Frailty and Depression Among Older Adults in Ghana: Insights from the WHO SAGE Surveys Amegbor et al. Res Aging. 2021, 43(2):85-95.
5 Association Between Social Frailty and Sleep Quality among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study Noguchi et al. Phys Ther Res. 2021, 24(2):153-162.
6 Association Between Oral, Social, and Physical Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults Hironaka et al. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2020, 89:104105.
7 Interventions Aimed at Loneliness and Fall Prevention Reduce Frailty in Elderly Urban Population Ožić et al. Medicine (Baltimore). 2020, 99(8):e19145.
8 Association of Sleep Condition and Social Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older People Nakakubo et al. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2019, 19(9):885-889.
9 Social Frailty Predicts Incident Disability and Mortality Among Community-Dwelling Japanese Older Adults Yamada et al. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2018, 19(12):1099-1103.
10 Association of Social Frailty With Both Cognitive and Physical Deficits Among Older People Tsutsumimoto et al. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2017, 18(7):603-607.
11 Social Frailty Dimensions and Frailty Models Over Time Bessa et al. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2021, 97:104515.
12 Association Between Social Frailty as well as Early Physical Dysfunction and Exercise Intolerance Among Older Patients Receiving Hemodialysis Usui et al. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2021, 21(8):664-669.
13 Association of Social Frailty with Physical Health, Cognitive Function, Psychological Health, and Life Satisfaction in Community-Dwelling Older Koreans Ko et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021, 18(2):818. 
14 Factors Associated with Physical, Psychological and Social Frailty Among Community-Dwelling Older Persons in Europe: A Cross-Sectional Study of Urban Health Centres Europe (UHCE) Ye et al. BMC Geriatr. 2021, 21(1):422.
15 Sex-Specific Association between Social Frailty and Diet Quality, Diet Quantity, and Nutrition in Community-Dwelling Elderly Huang et al. Nutrients. 2020, 12(9):2845. 
16 Evaluation of Bio-Psycho-Social Frailty in Older Persons on the Territory: The Method and the Experience of the "Medesano Health House" Gelmini et al. Acta Biomed. 2020, 91(2):389-395.
17 Frailty and Quality of Life Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults Papathanasiou et al. Cureus. 2021, 13(2):e13049.
18 Impact of Social Frailty on Relocation of Older Adults Dupuis-Blanchard et al. J Frailty Aging. 2021;10(3):254-258.
19 Association Between Physical, Psychological and Social Frailty and Health-Related Quality of Life Among Older People Zhang et al. Eur J Public Health. 2019, 29(5):936-942. 
20 Associations of Social Frailty with Loss of Muscle Mass and Muscle Weakness Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults Makizako et al. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2019, 19(1):76-80. 
21 Multidimensional and Physical Frailty in Elderly People: Participation in Senior Organizations Does Not Prevent Social Frailty and Most Prevalent Psychological Deficits Sacha et al. Front Public Health. 2020, 8:276.
22 Social Frailty and Health-Related Quality of Life in Community-Dwelling Older Adults Ko et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022, 19(9):5659.
23 Multimorbidity, Trauma Exposure, and Frailty of Older Adults in the Community Papathanasiou et al. Front Genet. 2021, 12:634742.
24 Impact of Social Frailty on the Association Between Driving Status and Disability in Older Adults Doi et al. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2022, 99:104597.
25 Screening Value of Social Frailty and Its Association with Physical Frailty and Disability in Community-Dwelling Older Koreans: Aging Study of PyeongChang Rural Area Park et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019, 16(16):2809.
26 The Role of Social Frailty in Explaining the Association Between Hearing Problems and Mild Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults Bae et al. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2018, 78:45-50.
27 Moderate Hearing Loss Is Related with Social Frailty in a Community-Dwelling Older Adults: The Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study (KFACS) Yoo et al. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2019, 83:126-130.
28 Associations Between Obesity and Multidimensional Frailty in Older Chinese People with Hypertension Song et al. Clin Interv Aging. 2020, 15:811-820.
29 Social Frailty and Depressive Symptoms During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Older Adults in Japan: Role of Home Exercise Habits Hayashi et al. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2022, 98:104555.
30 Clinical Characteristics and Social Frailty of Super-Elderly Patients With Heart Failure - The Kitakawachi Clinical Background and Outcome of Heart Failure Registry Takabayashi et al. Circ J. 2016, 81(1):69-76.
31 The Relationship Between the House Boundedness and Frailty of Community-Dwelling Elderly Persons Katsura et al. J Rural Med. 2018, 13(2):141-150.
32 Influence of Combined Cognitive Impairment and Social Frailty on Physical Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults Ko et al. Geriatr Nurs. 2022, 46:125-131.
33 Association Between Social Capital and Frailty and the Mediating Effect of Health-Promoting Lifestyles in Chinese Older Adults: Across-Sectional Study Hu et al. BMC Geriatr. 2022, 22(1):175.
34 Multidimensional Frailty and Pain in Community Dwelling Elderly Coelho et al. Pain Med. 2017, 18(4):693-701.
35 Longitudinal Association Between Physical Activity and Frailty Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults Zhang et al. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2020, 68(7):1484-1493.
36 The Association of Social Frailty with Intrinsic Capacity in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study Huang et al. BMC Geriatr. 2021, 21(1):515.
37 Social Frailty and Executive Function: Association with Geriatric Syndromes, Life Space and Quality of Life in Healthy Community-Dwelling Older Adults Ong et al. J Frailty Aging. 2022;11(2):206-213.
38 Prediction of Mortality by the Tilburg Frailty Indicator (TFI) Gobbens et al. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2021, 22(3):607.e1-607.e6.
39 Frailty Differences in Older Adults' Use of Informal and Formal Care Lambotte et al. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2018, 79:69-77.
40 Osteosarcopenia, the Co-existence of Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia, Is Associated with Social Frailty in Older Adults Inoue et al. Aging Clin Exp Res. 2022, 34(3):535-543.
41 Association Between Satisfaction with Meaningful Activities and Social Frailty in Community-Dwelling Japanese Older Adults Miyata et al. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2022, 100:104665.
42 Development and Validation of a Multidimensional Frailty Scale for Clinical Geriatric Assessment Shin et al. J Nutr Health Aging. 2021;25(7):938-943.
43 Physical Frailty Predicts the Development of Social Frailty: A Prospective Cohort Study Nagai et al. BMC Geriatr. 2020, 20(1):403.
44 Social Frailty and Longitudinal Risk of Depressive Symptoms in a Chinese Population: The Rugao Longevity and Aging Study Chen et al. Psychogeriatrics. 2021, 21(4):483-490.
45 The Predictive Value of Social Frailty on Adverse Outcomes in Older Adults Living in the Community Lee et al. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2020, 21(10):1464-1469.e2.
46 Frailty Related to the Exposure to Particulate Matter and Ozone: The Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study Shin et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021, 10;18(22):11796.
47 Prevalence, Overlap, and Interrelationships of Physical, Cognitive, Psychological, and Social Frailty Among Community-Dwelling Older People in Japan Sugie et al. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2022, 100:104659.
48 Preoperative Frailty and Outcome in Patients Undergoing Radical Cystectomy van der Vlies et al. BJU Int. 2020,126(3):388-395.
49 The Prediction of Quality of Life by Physical, Psychological and Social Components of Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older People Gobbens et al. Qual Life Res. 2014, 23(8):2289-300.
50 Effect of a Robotic Pet on Social and Physical Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial Pollak et al. Res Gerontol Nurs. 2022, 15(5):229-237.
51 Social Frailty and Functional Disability: Findings From the Singapore Longitudinal Ageing Studies Teo et al. Studies. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2017, 18(7):637.e13-637.e19.
52 Associations Between Multidimensional Frailty and Quality of Life Among Dutch Older People Gobbens et al. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2017, 73:69-76.
53 Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Associations of Environmental Factors with Frailty and Disability in Older People Gobbens Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2019, 85:103901.
54 Chronic Pain Is Independently Associated with Social Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults Hirase et al. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2019, 19(11):1153-1156.
55 Determinants of Frailty Gobbens et al. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2010, 11(5):356-64.
56 Social Frailty Is Independently Associated with Mood, Nutrition, Physical Performance, and Physical Activity: Insights from a Theory-Guided Approach Pek et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020, 17(12):4239.
57 Relationship of Frailty Markers and Socioeconomic Status to Incidence of Depressive Symptoms in a Community Cohort Lian et al. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2021, 22(3):570-576.e1.
58 Are Physically Frail Older Persons at Risk of Adverse Outcomes If They Also Suffer From Cognitive, Social, and Psychological Frailty? Ament et al. Eur J Ageing. 2014, 11(3):213-219.
59 Being Your Best: Protocol for a Feasibility Study of a Codesigned Approach to Reduce Symptoms of Frailty in People Aged 65 Years or More After Transition From Hospital Lowthian et al. BMJ Open. 2021, 11(3):e043223.
60 Meaningful Activities and Psychosomatic Functions in Japanese Older Adults after Driving Cessation Nakamura et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021, 18(24):13270.
61 Links Between Physical Frailty and Regional Gray Matter Volumes in Older Adults: A Voxel-Based Morphometry Study Nishita et al. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2019, 20(12):1587-1592.e7.
62 Impact of childhood trauma on multidimensional frailty in older patients with a unipolar depressive-, anxiety- or somatic symptom disorder Schmahl et al. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2021, 96:104452.
63 Social Frailty Has a Stronger Impact on the Onset of Depressive Symptoms than Physical Frailty or Cognitive Impairment: A 4-Year Follow-up Longitudinal Cohort Study Tsutsumimoto et al. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2018, 19(6):504-510.
64 Reinforcement Effects of Social Network Intervention Suring Nutritional Supplementation in Frail Older Adults Kim et al. Gerontology. 2021, 67(5):620-632.
65 Development of a Clinical Support System for Identifying Social Frailty Kuo et al. Int J Med Inform. 2019, 132:103979.
66 Prevalence of Frailty Phenotypes and Risk of Mortality in a Community-Dwelling Elderly Cohort Garre-Olmo et al. Age Ageing. 2013, 42(1):46-51.
67 Effects of Frailty and Chronic Diseases on Quality of Life in Dutch Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study Renne et al. Clin Interv Aging. 2018, 13:325-334.
68 Simultaneous Employment of the FRAIL Scale and the Tilburg Frailty Indicator May Identify Elderly People Who Require Different Interventional Strategies Sacha et al. Clin Interv Aging. 2020, 15:683-690. 
69 Social Frailty Leads to the Development of Physical Frailty Among Physically Non-Frail Adults: A Four-Year Follow-Up Longitudinal Cohort Study Makizako et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018, 15(3):490.
70 Co-existence of Social Isolation and Homebound Status Increase the Risk of All-Cause Mortality Sakurai et al. Int Psychogeriatr. 2019, 31(5):703-711.
71 Impact of Social Frailty on Alzheimer's Disease Onset: A 53-Month Longitudinal Cohort Study Tsutsumimoto et al. J Alzheimers Dis. 2019, 70(2):587-595.
72 Characteristics of Meaningful Activities in Community-Dwelling Japanese Older Adults with Pre-frailty and Frailty Maruta et al. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2022, 99:104616.
73 The Effect of Community Nurse on Mortality and Hospitalization in a Group of Over-75 Older Adults: A Nested Case-Control Study Terracciano et al. Ann Ig. 2021, 33(5):487-498.
74 Predictors of Emergency Room Access and Not Urgent Emergency Room Access by the Frail Older Adults Gentili et al. Front Public Health. 2021, 9:721634.
75 Translation, Adaptation, and Reliability of a Social Frailty Scale for the Brazilian Context: A Methodological Study Damasceno et al. Sao Paulo Med J. 2022, S1516-31802022005021218.
76 Frailty as a Predictor of Short-Term Adverse Outcomes Coelho et al. PeerJ. 2015, 3:e1121. PMID: 26246968; PMCID: PMC4525687.
77 Intradialytic Exercise in the Treatment of Social Frailty: A Single-Center Prospective Study-Preliminary Results During the Unexpected COVID-19 Pandemic Abe et al. Ren Replace Ther. 2020, 6(1):36.
78 The Influence of Multiple Frailty Profiles on Institutionalization and All-Cause Mortality in Community-Living Older Adults Lee et al. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2022, 13(5):2322-2330.
79 Associations Between Lifestyle Factors and Multidimensional Frailty: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Community-Dwelling Older People van Assen et al. BMC Geriatr. 2022, 22(1):7.
80 Frailty Affects Self-Care Behavior in Congestive Heart Failure Li et al. Clin Nurs Res. 2022, 31(4):615-623.
81 Assessing Timewise Changes Over 15 Months in Life-Space Mobility Among Community-Dwelling Elderly Persons Hayashi et al. BMC Geriatr. 2020, 20(1):502.
82 Social Frailty is Independently Associated with Geriatric Depression Among Older Adults Living in Northern Japan: A Cross-Sectional Study of ORANGE Registry Kume et al. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2022, 22(2):145-151.
83 Social Frailty as a Risk Factor for New-Onset Depressive Symptoms at One-Year Post-Surgery in Older Patients with Gastrointestinal Cancer Okumura et al. J Geriatr Oncol. 2020, 11(5):904-907.
84 Determinants of Frailty: The Added Value of Assessing Medication Coelho et al. Front Aging Neurosci. 2015, 7:56.
85 A Cross-Sectional Study on the Different Domains of Frailty for Independent Living Older Adults Verver et al. BMC Geriatr. 2019, 19(1):61.
86 Biopsychosocial Frailty and the Risk of Incident Dementia: The Italian Longitudinal Study on Aging Solfrizzi et al. Alzheimers Dement. 2019, 15(8):1019-1028.
87 Work Status Before Admission Relates to Prognosis in Older Patients with Heart Failure Partly Through Social Frailty Yamashita et al. J Cardiol. 2022, 79(3):439-445.
88 Social Frailty Increases the Risk of All-Cause Mortality: A Longitudinal Analysis of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing Ragusa et al. Exp Gerontol. 2022, 167:111901.
89 The Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ) as a Screening Tool for Risk of Malnutrition: Optimal Cutoff, Factor Structure, and Validation in Healthy Community-Dwelling Older Adults Lau et al. Nutrients. 2020, 12(9):2885.
90 Validation of the Clinical Frailty Scale Version 2.0 in Turkish Older Patients Aşık et al. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2022, 22(9):730-735.
91 Explaining Quality of Life of Older People in the Netherlands Using a Multidimensional Assessment of Frailty Gobbens et al. Qual Life Res. 2013, 22(8):2051-61.
92 Explaining Discrepancies in Self-reported Quality of Life in Frail Older People: A Mixed-Methods Study van der Vorst et al. BMC Geriatr. 2017, 17(1):251.
93 Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic Exacerbation of Depressive Symptoms for Social Frailty from the ORANGE Registry Kodama et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022, 19(2):986.
94 A Comparison of Different Modeling Techniques in Predicting Mortality With the Tilburg Frailty Indicator: Longitudinal Study van der Ploeg et al. JMIR Med Inform. 2022, 10(3):e31480.
95 Towards a More Effective Strategy to Detect Community-Dwelling Frail Older Adults: Validation of Risk Factors Van der Elst et al. INT J HEALTH GOV.2021,26(3)