Table 1.
Relative hospitalisation ratios by patient’s characteristics (univariable analysis)
| Characteristics | N. CCS (%) | N. CCS hospitalized | Observed | Expected | Hospitalisation rate per 10,000 PY | Hospitalisation rate for reference population per 10,000 PY | RHRb [95% CI] | AERc [95% CI] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All | 5579 (100) | 418 | 806 | 342.0 | 114.2 | 48.4 | 2.4 [2.2–2.5] | 65.7 [60.0-71.9] |
| Men | 3048 (54.6) | 216 | 367 | 159.1 | 95.3 | 41.3 | 2.3 [2.1–2.5] | 53.9 [47.1–61.8] |
| Women | 2531 (45.4) | 202 | 439 | 178.6 | 136.8 | 55.7 | 2.5 [2.2–2.7] | 81.2 [71.9–91.6] |
| Age at cancer diagnosis (years) | ||||||||
| ≤ 4 | 2790 (50.0) | 178 | 323 | 140.57 | 90.9 | 39.6 | 2.3 [2.0-2.5] | 51.4 [44.4–59.4] |
| 05–09 | 1198 (21.5) | 122 | 261 | 74.6 | 173.9 | 49.7 | 3.5 [3.1–3.9] | 124.3 [107.6-143.4] |
| 10–14 | 1133 (20.3) | 87 | 160 | 91.5 | 112.2 | 64.2 | 1.7 [1.5-2.0] | 48.1 [37.9–60.9] |
| 15–20 | 458 (8.2) | 31 | 62 | 33.6 | 106.1 | 57.4 | 1.8 [1.4–2.3] | 48.6 [33.7–70.3] |
| Calendar time at diagnosis | ||||||||
| 1946–1960 | 72 (1.3) | 7 | 11 | 8.1 | 125.0 | 91.6 | 1.4 [0.6–2.2] | 33.3 [10.6-104.6] |
| 1961–1970 | 340 (6.1) | 41 | 75 | 34.8 | 183.3 | 84.9 | 2.2 [1.7–2.6] | 98.4 [72.2-133.9] |
| 1971–1980 | 1098 (19.7) | 121 | 207 | 89.5 | 151.9 | 65.7 | 2.3 [2.0-2.6] | 86.3 [72.0-103.4] |
| 1981–1990 | 1882 (33.7) | 156 | 319 | 97.2 | 133.8 | 40.8 | 3.3 [2.9–3.6] | 93.1 [81.6-106.1] |
| 1990–2000 | 2187 (39.2) | 93 | 194 | 62.8 | 68.8 | 22.3 | 3.1 [2.6–3.5] | 46.6 [39.2–55.3] |
| Age at start of follow-up | ||||||||
| < 20 | 1590 (28.5) | 54 | 117 | 38.8 | 56.9 | 18.8 | 3.0 [2.5–3.6] | 38.0 [30.4–47.4] |
| 20–30 | 2115 (37.9) | 161 | 301 | 89.2 | 112.1 | 33.2 | 3.4 [2.9–3.7] | 78.9 [68.9–90.2] |
| 31–40 | 1341 (24.0) | 145 | 299 | 98.9 | 178.4 | 59.0 | 3.0 [2.7–3.4] | 119.3 [103.9-137.1] |
| > 40 | 533 (9.5) | 58 | 89 | 56.5 | 138.8 | 88.1 | 1.6 [1.2–1.9] | 50.7 [35.9–71.5] |
| Time between diagnosis and start of follow-up (years) | ||||||||
| 6–10 | 1168 (20.9) | 39 | 71 | 31.3 | 47.1 | 20.7 | 2.3 [1.7–2.8] | 26.3 [19.3–35.9] |
| 11–20 | 1976 (35.4) | 125 | 268 | 72.1 | 106.1 | 28.6 | 3.7 [3.3–4.4] | 77.6 [67.4–89.2] |
| 21–30 | 1632 (29.2) | 170 | 331 | 114.6 | 161.6 | 55.9 | 2.9 [2.6–3.2] | 105.6 [92.5-120.7] |
| > 30 | 803 (14.4) | 84 | 136 | 79.1 | 139.0 | 80.8 | 1.7 [1.4-2.0] | 58.2 [44.9–75.4] |
| Cancer type a | ||||||||
| Hodgkin lymphomas | 322 (5.8) | 19 | 31 | 24.7 | 76.6 | 61.1 | 1.2 [0.8–1.7] | 15.5 [7.1–33.9] |
| Non-Hodgkin lymphomas | 631 (11.3) | 39 | 57 | 42.6 | 70.5 | 52.7 | 1.3 [0.9–1.7] | 17.8 [10.6–29.9] |
| CNS and miscellaneous intracranial and intraspinal neoplasms | 720 (12.9) | 166 | 385 | 39.3 | 441.2 | 45.1 | 9.8 [8.8–10.8] | 396.1 [356.5-440.2] |
| Ependymomas and choroid plexus tumor | 111 (1.9) | 21 | 41 | 4.9 | 297.7 | 35.7 | 8.3 [5.8–10.9] | 262.0 [189.1-363.1] |
| Astrocytomas | 239 (4.3) | 65 | 178 | 15.2 | 612.9 | 52.3 | 11.7 [10.0-13.4] | 560.7 [480.8-653.8] |
| Intracranial and intraspinal embryonal tumors | 231 (4.1) | 40 | 94 | 10.4 | 328.6 | 36.4 | 9.0 [7.2–10.9] | 292.2 [235.8-362.1] |
| Other CNS tumors | 139 (2.5) | 40 | 72 | 8.6 | 454.5 | 54.2 | 8.4 [6.4–10.3] | 400.4 [313.0-512.1] |
| Neuroblastoma and other peripheral nervous cell tumors | 773 (13.9) | 40 | 90 | 37.0 | 90.8 | 37.4 | 2.4 [1.9–2.9] | 53.5 [40.9–70.0] |
| Retinoblastoma | 477 (8.5) | 16 | 26 | 15.6 | 42.4 | 25.5 | 1.7 [1.0-2.3] | 16.9 [9.2–31.1] |
| Renal tumors | 854 (15.3) | 39 | 60 | 58.2 | 55.8 | 54.1 | 1.0 [0.8–1.3] | 1.6 [0.4–7.2] |
| Hepatic tumors | 58 (1.0) | 3 | 3 | 2.8 | 40.9 | 38.3 | 1.1 [0-2.3] | 2.6 [0.03–232.5] |
| Malignant bone tumors | 481 (8.6) | 21 | 32 | 36.2 | 52.2 | 59.0 | 0.9 [0.6–1.2] | - |
| Soft tissue and other extraosseous sarcomas | 634 (11.4) | 33 | 46 | 42.6 | 56.8 | 52.5 | 1.1 [0.8–1.4] | 4.2 [1.5–12.2] |
| Germ cell tumors, trophoblastic tumors, and neoplasms of gonads | 363 (6.5) | 18 | 37 | 23.6 | 79.4 | 50.7 | 1.6 [1.1–2.1] | 28.7 [16.8–49.1] |
| Other malignant epithelial neoplasms and malignant melanomas | 257 (4.6) | 21 | 33 | 18.4 | 102.6 | 57.1 | 1.8 [1.2–2.4] | 45.5 [27.2–75.9] |
| Other and unspecified malignant neoplasms | 9 (0.2) | 3 | 6 | 0.9 | 550.5 | 82.0 | 6.7 [1.3–12.1] | 468.8 [196.9-1115.7] |
| Treatment | ||||||||
| Radiotherapy | 2789 (49.9) | 289 | 566 | 198.7 | 163.2 | 57.3 | 2.8 [2.6–3.1] | 105.9 [95.6-117.3] |
| Chemotherapy | 4141 (74.2) | 251 | 466 | 235.5 | 88.7 | 44.8 | 1.9 [1.8–2.2] | 43.9 [38.5–49.9] |
| Radiation therapy field position | ||||||||
| Head and Neck | 1086 (19.5) | 196 | 400 | 72.9 | 300.5 | 54.8 | 5.5 [4.9-6.0] | 245.7 [220.5-273.8] |
| Thorax | 915 (16.4) | 95 | 177 | 68.8 | 156.5 | 60.8 | 2.6 [2.2–2.9] | 95.7 [79.2-115.5] |
| Abdomen | 853 (15.3) | 72 | 124 | 66.9 | 117.8 | 63.6 | 1.8 [1.5–2.2] | 54.2 [41.8–70.3] |
| Pelvis | 187 (3.3) | 11 | 18 | 14.8 | 77.2 | 63.3 | 1.2 [0.7–1.8] | 13.9 [4.7–41.3] |
| Arm and hand | 14 (0.2) | 1 | 1 | 0.9 | 54.9 | 53.7 | 1.0 [0-3.3] | 1.1 [0 - >999.9] |
| Leg and foot | 111 (1.9) | 9 | 14 | 10.4 | 99.7 | 74.1 | 1.3 [0.6-2.0] | 25.6 [9.1–71.9] |
| Cancer predisposition syndrome | ||||||||
| Unidentified syndrome | 5432 (97.4) | 391 | 762 | 334.5 | 110.7 | 48.5 | 2.3 [2.1–2.4] | 62.1 [56.5–68.3] |
| Neurofibromatosis type 1 | 67 (1.2) | 17 | 29 | 4.1 | 373.7 | 52.8 | 7.1 [4.5–9.6] | 320.9 [216.6-475.2] |
| Li-Fraumeni syndrome | 33 (0.6) | 5 | 7 | 1.2 | 172.8 | 30.7 | 5.6 [1.5–9.8] | 142.2 [62.8-321.8] |
| Other syndrome | 47 (0.8) | 5 | 8 | 1.9 | 142.6 | 35.1 | 4.1 [1.2–6.9] | 107.5 [48.4-238.8] |
aAccording to the International Classification of Childhood Cancer, Third Edition based on ICD-O-3
For CNS tumour, only malignant tumours and tumours of unknown behaviour were included
bRHR = Relative Hospitalisation Ratio, 95% CI = 95% confidence interval
cAER = Absolute Excess Risks per 10,000 person-years, 95% CI = 95% confidence interval