Table 1.
Main study themes and examples of codes per thematic area
| Study Themes and Subthemes | Code | Code Definitions |
|---|---|---|
| Theme 1: Home-based TB preventive services overcome family-level barriers | Perception of Intervention | Stakeholder feelings or perceptions about the intervention |
| Health system access | Structural and cultural factors that impact access to health facilities or access to health services | |
| Caregiver Expenses/cost | Expenses incurred or lost by family/patients/caregivers as a result of TB contact investigation including travel to health center or health post for screening/diagnosis/DOT, food, lost work/income, etc | |
| Caregiver Transportation | Challenges related to patient transport or travel needs to access TB preventive care | |
| Caregiver Time | Time spent traveling to health center/post/hospital for contact investigation and TB preventive services | |
| #Caregiver centered care | Services and adaptations to care that reflect the needs and preferences of both children and their caregivers and/or examples of how current programming is not caregiver-centered | |
| Perception of caregiver behavior | Stakeholder feelings or perceptions about the caregiver behavior | |
| Theme 2: Home-based TB prevention services will improve access to care and TPT coverage | Challenges to contact tracing | Challenges related to contact tracing |
| Challenges to contact investigation | Challenges related to screening for symptoms or screening contacts of TB clients | |
| Perception of Intervention | Stakeholder feelings or perceptions about the proposed intervention | |
| #Awareness | Community or individual awareness about TB or TPT, or the need to increase that awareness | |
| Caregiver motivation | Describes caregiver motivation and/or how to motivate caregivers and children to stay on TPT | |
| #Community benefit | Discussion of TPT's or the intervention's public health benefits to the community (rather than individual outcomes) | |
| Theme 3: Acceptability and Feasibility of HEW-initiated TPT | Perception of intervention | Stakeholder’s feelings or perceptions about the intervention |
| Intervention Strategy | Stakeholder’s suggestions about how intervention could or should work | |
| Perception of HEW | Stakeholder’s feelings or perceptions about HEW services, attitudes, etc | |
| HEW roles and responsibilities | Perceived roles and responsibilities of HEWs | |
| Provider and HEW collaboration | How providers and HEWs work together to care for people with TB infection or disease and how they identify those at risk | |
| Supervision | Supervision including supportive supervision of HEWs by providers/managers or HEWs supervising community groups | |
| Training | Training needs of healthcare providers and HEWs | |
| Feedback | Feedback from community regarding HEWs | |
| #Experience sharing | Experience sharing as a way of training or sharing information / practices between providers and HEWs | |
| HEW Motivation | HEWs’ motivation to complete house-to-house work or what is needed to motivate HEWs to do their work | |
| Tools/ job aids | Provider and HEWs needs / requests for job aids, guidelines, other tools, etc | |
| Theme 4: Overworked, understaffed health extension program and the need for service integration | Perception of intervention | Stakeholder’s feelings or perceptions about the proposed intervention |
| TPT challenge | Challenges and barriers to TPT implementation (exclusive to proposed intervention) | |
| Staffing | Challenges related to staffing levels at either health facility or health post | |
| #Workload | Challenges related to how much work or duties a healthcare worker has | |
| Integrated services | Integrating TPT services with other HEW services (e.g., sanitation, vaccination, nutrition etc.) including integration into the HEWs’ home-based packages of care | |
| Theme 5: Community awareness as a facilitator of TPT and of the home-based intervention: | ||
| Theme 5a) Harnessing community awareness to improve community-level acceptability of home-based TPT | #TB/TPT Awareness | Community or individual awareness about TB or TPT, or the need to increase that awareness |
| #Community engagement | Need for collaboration or engagement with community members or community networks | |
| Health education: IEC materials | Need for posters, media, pamphlets, etc. to use for health education on TPT in the community | |
| Theme 5b) Community awareness to improve TPT uptake among skeptical caregivers who view their well children as not needing medication | #TB/TPT Awareness | Community or individual awareness about TB or TPT, or the need to increase that awareness |
| #Perceived need for TPT | If a child is "not sick" (asymptomatic TB infection) there is no need to take medication, especially when the medicine has side effects | |
| Theme 5c) Community awareness to reduce stigma as a barrier to intervention acceptability | #TB/TPT Awareness | Community or individual awareness about TB or TPT, or the need to increase that awareness |
| Stigma | TB or TPT-related stigma and discrimination | |
| #Caregiver behavior/attitudes | Caregiver behaviors or attitudes towards TPT | |
#Delineates emergent theme