Figure 2.

Analysis of Vipera berus venom samples from melanistic (MEL) and cryptic (CRY) phenotypes by SDS-PAGE under (a) reducing and (b) non-reducing conditions. Putative toxin families were predicted according to described Viperidae toxin families, their polymerization potential and the previously reported composition of V. berus venom [33–36]. Abbreviations: 5N, 5′-nucleotidase; AP, aminopeptidase; CTL, C-type lectin including snaclec and C-type lectin-related proteins; DC-Fragments, disintegrin-like/cysteine-rich protein (fragments); HYAL, hyaluronidase; LAAO, l-amino acid oxidase; NGF, nerve-growth factor; PLA₂, phospholipase A₂; PLB, phospholipase B-like; PDE, phosphodiesterase; QC, glutaminyl cyclase; svMP, snake venom metalloprotease; svSP, snake venom serine proteinase; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor. Created with BioRender.