Table 1.
Patient characteristics at discharge by treatment with SGLT2 inhibitors.
| SGLT2 inhibitor | No SGLT2 inhibitor | Missing | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total population | 2498 (22.2%) | 8773 (77.8%) | – | – |
| Follow up time, days (median, IQR) | 349 (139–649) | 726 (333–1078) | – | – |
| Age (median, IQR) | 69 (61–75) | 73 (65–79) | 0.0% | <0.001 |
| Women | 554 (22.2%) | 2689 (30.7%) | 0.0% | <0.001 |
| SGLT2 inhibitor prior to admission | 766 (39.0%) | – | 21.3% | – |
| Smoking | 4.4% | 0.001 | ||
| Active smoker | 515 (21.5%) | 1533 (18.3%) | ||
| Previous smoker | 984 (41.1%) | 3711 (44.3%) | ||
| Never smoker | 898 (37.5%) | 3138 (37.4%) | ||
| BMI (IQR) | 28 (26–32) | 28 (25–32) | 3.4% | 0.049 |
| eGFR ml/min/1.73 m2 (IQR) | 83 (65–95) | 76 (56–91) | 0.3% | <0.001 |
| HbA1c (median, IQR) | 57 (48–70) | 54 (47–65) | 50.2% | <0.001 |
| Diagnosis | 0.0% | <0.001 | ||
| STEMI | 969 (38.8%) | 2671 (30.5%) | ||
| NSTEMI | 1529 (61.2%) | 6101 (69.6%) | ||
| Coronary angiography | 2411 (96.5) | 7905 (90.1) | 0.0% | <0.001 |
| PCI | 2074 (83.0%) | 6532 (74.5%) | 0.0% | <0.001 |
| Killip class | 2.6% | 0.003 | ||
| 1 | 2214 (90.6) | 7591 (89.0) | ||
| 2 | 161 (6.6) | 737 (8.6) | ||
| 3 | 38 (1.6) | 131 (1.5) | ||
| 4 | 31 (1.3) | 73 (0.9) | ||
| LVEF | 10.5% | <0.001 | ||
| ≥50% | 1139 (49.3%) | 4505 (57.9%) | ||
| 40–49% | 581 (25.1%) | 1833 (23.6%) | ||
| 30–39% | 408 (17.7%) | 997 (12.8%) | ||
| <30% | 184 (8.0%) | 440 (5.7%) | ||
| Clinical frailty score (median, IQR) | 3 (2–3) | 3 (2–3) | 28.6% | 0.005 |
| Previous MI | 923 (37.1%) | 2989 (34.2%) | 0.4% | 0.016 |
| Previous PCI | 828 (33.2%) | 2535 (28.9%) | 0.4% | 0.002 |
| Previous CABG | 247 (9.9%) | 841 (9.6%) | 0.0% | 0.65 |
| Prior heart failure | 287 (11.5%) | 1124 (12.8%) | 0.0% | 0.078 |
| Prior cancer diagnosis | 86 (3.4%) | 415 (4.7%) | 0.0% | 0.006 |
| Hypertension | 2008 (80.5%) | 7148 (81.7%) | 0.2% | 0.18 |
| Hyperlipidaemia | 1442 (57.8%) | 4875 (55.6%) | 0.1% | 0.013 |
| Stroke | 200 (8.0%) | 914 (10.4%) | 0.0% | <0.001 |
| COPD | 158 (6.3%) | 788 (9.0%) | 0.0% | <0.001 |
| PVD | 158 (6.3%) | 647 (7.4%) | 0.0% | <0.001 |
| Medications at discharge | ||||
| ACEi/ARB | 2213 (88.6%) | 7579 (86.4%) | 0.0% | 0.004 |
| Beta-blocker | 2102 (84.2%) | 7243 (82.6%) | 0.0% | 0.063 |
| Aspirin | 2179 (87.2%) | 7645 (87.1%) | 0.0% | 0.90 |
| Statin | 2397 (96.0%) | 8154 (92.9%) | 0.1% | <0.001 |
| Insulin | 912 (36.5%) | 3145 (35.9%) | 0.0% | 0.55 |
| Metformin | 1870 (74.9%) | 6672 (76.1%) | 0.0% | 0.22 |
| GLP-1 receptor agonist | 327 (13.1%) | 886 (10.1%) | 0.0% | <0.001 |
| ICD implantation at follow-up | 18 (1.9%) | 27 (1.0%) | 0.0% | 0.024 |
| SGLT2 inhibitors | 2.4% | – | ||
| Dapagliflozin | 480 (19.2%) | – | ||
| Empagliflozin | 1951 (78.1%) | – | ||
| Canagliflozin | 8 (0.3%) | – | ||
| Year of index myocardial infarction | 0.0% | <0.001 | ||
| 2018 | 201 (8.1%) | 2463 (28.0%) | ||
| 2019 | 281 (11.3%) | 2471 (28.2%) | ||
| 2020 | 729 (29.2%) | 2022 (23.1%) | ||
| 2021 | 1287 (51.5%) | 1817 (20.7%) |
ACEi, Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; ARB, Angiotensin II receptor blockers; BMI, Body mass index; CABG, Coronary artery bypass grafting; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; eGFR, Estimated glomerular filtration rate; GLP-1, glucagon-like peptide 1; ICD, implantable cardioverter defibrillator; IQR, Interquartile range; MI, Myocardial infarction; NSTEMI, Non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; PVD, Peripheral vascular disease; SGLT2, Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2; STEMI, ST-elevation myocardial infarction.