Table 2.
The removal of pollutants based on ZVMs/O2 systems.
| ZVMs | Contaminants | Reaction conditions | O2 supply | ROS | Removal efficiency | TOC removal | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ZVI | CTO | pH = 2.5–3.1 | O2 aeration | H2O2, •OH | 93.5% (3.0 h) | - | [56] |
| Fe@C | SMT | [SMT]0 = 20.0 mg L−1, pH = 4.0 | Dissolved oxygen | H2O2, •OH | 97.6% (300.0 min) | 93.8% | [57] |
| 3D-GN@nZVI | SDZ | [SDZ]0 = 10.0 mg L−1, pH = 3.0 | Dissolved oxygen | H2O2, •OH | 81.0% (120.0 min) | - | [58] |
| BM Fe/Cu | 4-CP | [4-CP]0 = 20.0 mg L−1, pH = 3.0 | Air aeration | •O2−, •OH | 100.0% (120.0 min) | 66.4% | [59] |
| nZVC | MO | [MO]0 = 20.0 mg L−1, pH = 6.6 | Air aeration | H2O2, •OH | 100.0% (4.0 h) | 56.1% | [60] |
| ZVCMMT | ATZ | [ATZ]0 = 15.0 μM, pH = 3.0 | Air aeration | •OH | 90.0% (180.0 min) | - | [61] |
| Cu0/C | SMT | [SMT]0 = 20.0 m L−1, pH = 4.0 | Air aeration | H2O2, •OH | 96.7% (90.0 min) | 68.8% | [62] |
| Zn0-CNTs-Fe3O4 | OTC | [OTC]0 = 100.0 mg L−1, pH = 3.0 | O2 aeration | H2O2, •OH | 98.6% (60.0 min) | - | [67] |
| Zn-Fe-CNTs | SMX | [SMX]0 = 20.0 mg L−1, pH = 1.50 | O2 aeration | H2O2, •OH | 100.0% (120.0 min) | 51.3% | [68] |
| ZVZ/Cu(II) system | MTZ | [MTZ]0 = 10.0 mg L−1, pH = 5.0 | Dissolved oxygen | H2O2, •OH, •O2− | 90.0% (10.0 min) | - | [69] |
Abbreviations: ZVI, zero-valent iron; Fe@C, carbon-coated nanoscale zero-valent iron; 3D-GN@nZVI, nanoscale zero-valent iron encapsulated in three-dimensional graphene network; BM Fe/Cu, ball milling Fe/Cu; nZVC, nanoscale zero-valent copper; ZVCMMT, montmorillonite templated zero-valent copper; Cu0/C, mesoporous carbon hybrid loaded zero-valent copper; Zn0-CNTs-Fe3O4, Zn0-carbon nanotubes-Fe3O4; Zn-Fe-CNTs, Zn-Fe-carbon nanotubes; ZVZ/Cu(II) system, zero-valent zinc/Cu(II) system; CTO, cottonseed oil; SMT, sulfamethazine; SDZ, sulfadiazine; 4-CP, 4-chlorophenol; MO, methyl orange; ATZ, atrazine; OTC, oxytetracycline; SMX, sulfamethoxazole; MTZ, metronidazole.