Table 4.
The activation of O2 by defect engineering for degradation of organic contaminants.
| Catalyst | Defect engineering | Contaminants | Reaction conditions | O2 supply | ROS | Removal efficiency | TOC removal | Refe-rence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fe-Co LDH | Oxygen Vacancy | BPA | [BPA]0 = 2.0 mg L−1, pH = 7.0 | Dissolved oxygen | 1O2, •O2− | 32.0% (60.0 min) | 49.0% | [79] |
| CuCoFe/Tar-LDH | Oxygen Vacancy | NB | [NB]0 = 150.0 mg L−1, pH = 7.2 | Air aeration | •OH, •O2− | 78.3% (240.0 min) | 45.5% | [80] |
| CuCoFe-300 | Oxygen Vacancy | CIP | [CIP]0 = 15.0 mg L−1, pH = 4.0 | O2 aeration | •OH, •O2− | 75.0% (240.0 min) | 54.1% | [81] |
| MgO | Oxygen Vacancy | E. coli | [E. coli]0 = 0.05 mol L−1, pH = 8.0 | O2 aeration | •O2−, 1O2 | 100.0% (2.0 h) | - | [82] |
| ZnO | Oxygen Vacancy | S. aureus | [S. aureus]0 = 3.0 × 1012 CFU mL−1, pH = 8.5 | Dissolved oxygen | •OH, •O2−, H2O2 | 17.0% (120.0 min) | - | [83] |
| DR-MoS2 | Sulfur vacancy | Black T | [Black T]0 = 10.0 mg L−1, pH = 3.0 | Dissolved oxygen | •OH, H2O2 | 99.8% (25.0 min) | - | [84] |
| CoS2-x | Sulfur vacancy | RhB | [RhB]0 = 20.0 mg L−1, pH = 4.5 | Dissolved oxygen | 1O2 | 91.9% (120.0 min) | 70.7% | [85] |
| DPC-800 | Carbon vacancy | CIP | [CIP]0 = 20.0 mg L−1, pH = 6.6 | Dissolved oxygen | 1O2, •O2− | 98.0% (60.0 min) | - | [86] |
Abbreviations: Fe-Co LDH, Fe-Co layered double hydroxide; CuCoFe/Tar-LDH, tartrate-modified CuCoFe-layered double hydroxide; CuCoFe-300, calcined CuCoFe-layered double hydroxide with 300 °C; DR-MoS2, defect-rich MoS2; DPC-800, calcined defected porous carbon with 800 °C; BPA, bisphenol A; NB, nitrobenzene; CIP, ciprofloxacin; E. coli, Escherichia coli; S. aureus, Staphylococcus aureus; Black T, Eriochrome Black T; RhB, rhodamine B.