Table 1.

MiRNA expression and the pathways involved in AD progression.

Type of pathway	MiRNAs	Expression changes in AD patients	Intermediate target	Relevance to final goal (±)	Biological specimen/animal models	Ref.
BACE1	miR-149	↓		–	SH-SY5Y	[102]
	miR-374b-5p	↓		–	SH-SY5Y, BV2	[101]
	miR-124	↓		–	SH-SY5Y	[103]
	miR-15b	↓		–	SH-SY5Y	[104]
	miR-16	↓		–	PC12/N2a	[105]
	miR-34a-5p	↓		–	MCN,N2a	[106]
	miR-125b-5p	↓		–	MCN,N2a	[106]
	miR-22-3p	↓	MAPK14	–	APPswe/PSΔE9/N2a	[109]
	miR-340			–	SAMP8 mice	[108]
	miR-195	↓		–	HEK293/N2a/APP	[111]
	miR-186			–	N2a,7PA2	[112]
APP	miR-106a			–	HEK293	[113]
	MiR-520c			–	HEK293	[113]
	miR-20a			–	HeLa,N2A and SK-N-SH	[99]
	miR-16			–	SAMP8 mice	[114]
Aβ	miR-128	↑	Cathepsin B, D,S, β-Galactosidase,α-Mannosidase,β-Hexosaminidase	–	AD patient peripheral blood	[116]
p-Tau	miR-132	↑	GTDC-1	+	HEK293	[125]
	miR-425-5p	↑	HSPB8	+	HEK293/tau	[126]
	miR-124-3p	↓	Caveolin-1-PI3K/Akt/GSK3β	–	N2a/APP695swe	[127]
	miR-512	↓	cFLIP, MCL1	–	Human Alzheimer brain sections	[128]
	miR-483-5p	↑	ERK1/2	–	HEK293	[129]
	miR-125b-5p		PME-1	–	HEK293, N2a	[130]
	miR-146a	↓	Nkd2	–	B6/JNju-Tg (APP/PS1), HMC3, SH-SY5Y	[160]
Neuroinflammation	miR-132	↓	NF-KB,p38MAPK	–	PC-12	[163]
	miR-155	↓	SOCS1, STAT5, IFN-γ	–	3xTg-AD mice	[166]
	miR-107	↓	BACE1	–	SH-SY5Y, HEK293, C57BL/6J (APP/PS1) mice	[175]
oxidative stress	miR-125b	↑	SPHK1	+	N2a APPSwe/Δ9	[176]
	miR-125b	↑	NCAM/GSK3β	+	PC12	[177]
	miR-146a	↑	CFH/NF-KB, ROCK1/PTEN, SOD2	+	PC12,HN,5xFAD mice	[178–180]
	miR-200c	↑	ER stress, S6K1	–	APPswe/PSΔE9 mice, SH-SY5Y	[182, 183]
	miR-743a	↓	MDH2	–	HT22	[210]
Mitochondrion	miR-34a	↑	NFKB、STAT1	–	3xTg-AD mice	[214]
	miR-195		MFN2	–	SAMP8 mice	[216]
	miR-455-3p	↑	AβPP	–	MN	[219]
	miR-23a	↓	sirt1	+	aMCI	[221]
	miR-195		PIP2/Aβ/p-Tau	–	Primary cortical neurons(APOE3, APOE4)/APOE4+/+KI mice	[235]
APOE4	miR-203		Caspase3/Bcl2/p-Tau	–	C57/BL6 mice(TBI)	[236]