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. 2024 Sep 10;14:21141. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-72047-1

Table 3.

Comparison of the prediction results with different kernal of support vector machines (SVM) models.

Model Series Parameters Training set Test set
RMSE R2 MAE RMSE R2 MAE

SVM

(Linear)

 Total cases cost = 0.001, gamma = 0.2 0.221 0.125 0.167 0.354 0.196 0.306
Classification HAV cost = 0.1, gamma = 0.2 0.030 0.148 0.019 0.022 0.018 0.019
HBV cost = 0.001, gamma = 0.2 0.154 0.168 0.108 0.200 0.215 0.168
HCV cost = 1, gamma = 0.2 0.056 0.364 0.037 0.107 0.004 0.090
HEV cost = 0.001, gamma = 0.2 0.037 0.089 0.031 0.052 0.175 0.043
Unclassified hepatitis cost = 0.001, gamma = 0.2 0.007 0.120 0.006 0.007 0.001 0.007
Age 0–14 years cost = 5, gamma = 0.2 0.003 0.366 0.002 0.004 0.001 0.003
15–34 years cost = 0.001, gamma = 0.2 0.070 0.173 0.056 0.110 0.065 0.098
35–64 years cost = 1, gamma = 0.2 0.113 0.313 0.073 0.214 0.061 0.183
65- years cost = 0.01, gamma = 0.2 0.047 0.099 0.037 0.064 0.132 0.055

SVM

(Polynomial)

 Total cases degree = 3, cost = 0.5, gamma = 0.2 0.200 0.231 0.135 0.374 0.182 0.325
Classification HAV degree = 3, cost = 0.1, gamma = 0.2 0.030 0.148 0.019 0.022 0.018 0.019
HBV degree = 3, cost = 0.5, gamma = 0.2 0.141 0.221 0.090 0.232 0.303 0.201
HCV degree = 3, cost = 1, gamma = 0.2 0.056 0.364 0.037 0.107 0.004 0.090
HEV degree = 3, cost = 0.1, gamma = 0.2 0.036 0.164 0.029 0.050 0.065 0.041
Unclassified hepatitis degree = 3, cost = 0.1, gamma = 0.2 0.007 0.143 0.005 0.007 0.001 0.006
Age 0–14 years degree = 3, cost = 3, gamma = 0.2 0.003 0.368 0.002 0.004 0.001 0.003
15–34 years degree = 3, cost = 0.1, gamma = 0.2 0.068 0.186 0.054 0.112 0.023 0.100
35–64 years degree = 3, cost = 1, gamma = 0.2 0.113 0.313 0.073 0.214 0.061 0.183
65- years degree = 3, cost = 0.1, gamma = 0.2 0.045 0.175 0.035 0.065 0.058 0.055

SVM

(Radial)

 Total cases cost = 1, gamma = 1 0.150 0.594 0.085 0.393 0.001 0.349
Classification HAV cost = 1, gamma = 4 0.020 0.680 0.007 0.025 0.012 0.022
HBV cost = 1, gamma = 0.1 0.141 0.191 0.089 0.234 0.264 0.203
HCV cost = 1, gamma = 0.5 0.048 0.581 0.030 0.105 0.036 0.090
HEV cost = 1, gamma = 0.1 0.033 0.237 0.026 0.048 0.023 0.039
Unclassified hepatitis cost = 1, gamma = 4 0.003 0.882 0.002 0.007 0.000 0.007
Age 0–14 years cost = 1, gamma = 0.5 0.004 0.358 0.002 0.004 0.009 0.003
15–34 years cost = 1, gamma = 0.1 0.065 0.173 0.048 0.126 0.001 0.114
35–64 years cost = 1, gamma = 1 0.089 0.645 0.052 0.217 0.001 0.188
65- years cost = 1, gamma = 0.1 0.042 0.232 0.032 0.066 0.010 0.056

SVM

(Sigmoid)

 Total cases coef0 = 0.1, gamma = 1 0.150 0.594 0.085 0.393 0.001 0.349
Classification HAV coef0 = 0.1, gamma = 4 0.020 0.680 0.007 0.025 0.012 0.022
HBV coef0 = 0.1, gamma = 0.1 0.141 0.191 0.089 0.234 0.264 0.203
HCV coef0 = 0.1, gamma = 0.5 0.048 0.581 0.030 0.105 0.036 0.090
HEV coef0 = 0.1, gamma = 0.1 0.033 0.237 0.026 0.048 0.023 0.039
Unclassified hepatitis coef0 = 0.1, gamma = 4 0.003 0.882 0.002 0.007 0.000 0.007
Age 0–14 years coef0 = 0.1, gamma = 0.5 0.004 0.358 0.002 0.004 0.009 0.003
15–34 years coef0 = 0.1, gamma = 0.1 0.065 0.173 0.048 0.126 0.001 0.114
35–64 years coef0 = 0.1, gamma = 1 0.089 0.645 0.052 0.217 0.001 0.188
65- years coef0 = 0.1, gamma = 0.1 0.042 0.232 0.032 0.066 0.010 0.056