Fig. 5. Linkage between seismic moment and total injection volume for fluid-injection-triggered earthquakes.

a Maximum seismic moment and magnitude as functions of total volume of injected fluid from the start of injection until the time of the largest triggered earthquake (modified from Li et al. ⁴³). b Cumulative seismic moment and magnitude as functions of cumulative volume of injected fluid (modified from Bentz et al. ²⁷) (c and d). Cumulative seismic moment versus total injection volume: c Constant shear stress boundary condition (experiments CSS1, CSS2 and CSS3); d Zero-displacement boundary condition (experiments ZD1 and ZD2). Black line defines the upper limit of the maximum (in a) and cumulative (in b, c and d) seismic moment with c values representing different pre-stress conditions (Eq. (12), assuming G = 24 GPa). Note that McGarr (1976)³⁰ plots for c = 50%. Grey dashed lines represent maximum seismic moment with two different γ values, as proposed by Galis et al.,³¹.