Figure 1.

Thermospores enriched in heated nitrate-amended incubations. Nitrate reduction and production of nitrite, nitrous oxide and dinitrogen was monitored during incubation at 50°C (A, B, C) (nitric oxide was not measured). Glucose, organic acids, and CO₂ measurements for each incubation are shown in corresponding panels underneath (D, E, F). All incubations were monitored over 21-days (Table S5) and measurements are shown for either 7-days (A) or 21-days (B, C) for clarity of nitrogen transformations. 16S rRNA gene amplicons were sequenced from multiple select time points (G, H, I) and Bacillota represented 94–98% read abundance in all cases. Only ASVs detected at >2% read abundance are included in the plots.