Fig. 6.

Celastrus orbiculatus stem extract (COE) inhibits the malignant biological behavior of gastric cancer (GC) cells. (A) The left panel shows the cell viability histograms of the four cell lines treated with COE for 24 h. The right panel shows the line plot of the cell viability rate of the four cell lines after 24 h of COE treatment. (B) Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) (15 ng/mL) was added to induce actin skeleton remodelling, and the drug group was treated with COE 100 μg/mL. Fluorescence microscopy was used to observe the cytoskeleton staining. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to observe the structural changes of microfilaments in cells. (C–E) The mean square displacement (C), number (D), and current speed (E) of tracked cells of GC cell after COE treatment were detected using a high-content imaging system. (F) Images of the adhesion experiment results were captured using an inverted microscope. The cloned cells were stained with crystal violet and photographs were taken. The panels on the right show the statistical graphs of the adhesion experiment and the cloning formation experiment, respectively. (G) The protein expression of polypyrimidine tract binding protein 1 (PTBP1), alpha actinin-4 (ACTN4), phospho-ezrin, phospho-radixin, phospho-moesin, and phospho-vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) decreased with increasing COE concentration. Data are representative of three independent experiments. ^∗P < 0.05, ^∗∗P < 0.01, and ^∗∗∗P < 0.001. ns: no statistical significance. IF: immunofluorescence; GAPDH: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.