Table 3.
Long-term (> 2 years) use among antidepressant users in 2012 and 2019
| Second quarter 2012 | Second quarter 2019 | Relative risk 2019 vs 2012 (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of patients (crude %) | No. of patients (crude %, age-sex standardiseda %) | |||
| Crude | Age-sex stand | |||
| ≥ 1 AD | 39,984/73,600 (54.3) | 57,361/92,601 (61.9; 63.1) | 1.14 (1.13–1.15) | 1.16 (1.15–1.17) |
| ≥ 2 AD | 1480/73,600 (2.0) | 3632/92,601 (4.0; 4.0) | 1.95 (1.84–2.07) | 2.00 (1.88–2.13) |
| Sex | ||||
| Women | 28,450/51,083 (55.7) | 40,161/62,556 (64.2; 65.0) | 1.15 (1.14–1.16) | 1.17 (1.16–1.18) |
| Men | 11,534/22,517 (51.2) | 17,200/30,045 (57.3, 58.7) | 1.12 (1.10–1.14) | 1.15 (1.13–1.17) |
| Age groups (years) | ||||
| 18–39 | 4632/14,179 (32.7) | 8061/20,831 (38.7, 40.5) | 1.18 (1.15–1.22) | 1.24 (1.20–1.28) |
| 40–64 | 21,143/36,965 (57.2) | 29,928/44,493 (67.3, 66.9) | 1.18 (1.16–1.19) | 1.17 (1.16–1.18) |
| 65–79 | 10,186/15,710 (64.8) | 14,063/19,310 (72.8, 72.9) | 1.12 (1.11–1.14) | 1.13 (1.11–1.14) |
| ≥ 80 | 4023/6746 (59.6) | 5309/7967 (66.6, 66.9) | 1.12 (1.09–1.15) | 1.12 (1.09–1.15) |
| Long–term use among each antidepressant drug class | ||||
| SSRI | 17,428/39,791 (43.8) | 28,231/51,244 (55.1, 56.5) | 1.26 (1.24–1.28) | 1.29 (1.27–1.31) |
| TCA | 13,764/25,198 (54.6) | 14,906/25,833 (57.7, 57.9) | 1.06 (1.04–1.07) | 1.06 (1.04–1.08) |
| SNRI | 2744/5092 (53.9) | 5482/9470 (57.9, 58.0) | 1.07 (1.04–1.11) | 1.08 (1.04–1.11) |
| NASSA | 2560/6865 (37.3) | 6082/13,279 (45.8, 45.5) | 1.23 (1.19–1.27) | 1.22 (1.17–1.27) |
| MAOI | 111/160 (69.4) | 95/128 (74.2, 75.6) | 1.07 (0.93–1.24) | 1.09 (0.95–1.25) |
| Others | 1161/2586 (44.9) | 1550/2700 (57.4, 57.3) | 1.28 (1.21–1.35) | 1.28 (1.21–1.35) |
| Deprivation quintileb | ||||
| 1 (most deprived) | 8775/15,599 (56.3) | 12,659/20,109 (63.0; 64.2) | 1.12 (1.10–1.14) | 1.14 (1.12–1.16) |
| 2 | 8478/15,120 (56.1) | 11,970/19,099 (62.7; 63.9) | 1.12 (1.10–1.14) | 1.14 (1.12–1.16) |
| 3 | 7403/13,594 (54.5) | 10,502/16,890 (62.2; 63.3) | 1.14 (1.12–1.16) | 1.16 (1.14–1.19) |
| 4 | 8599/16,065 (53.5) | 11,864/19,081 (62.2; 63.3) | 1.16 (1.14–1.18) | 1.18 (1.16–1.20) |
| 5 (least deprived) | 5133/9856 (52.1) | 7375/12,122 (60.8; 61.8) | 1.17 (1.14–1.20) | 1.19 (1.16–1.22) |
| Residenceb,c | ||||
| Large urban area | 9450/16,470 (57.4) | 13,109/20,278 (64.6; 65.7) | 1.13 (1.11–1.15) | 1.14 (1.13–1.16) |
| Urban area | 17,533/32,305 (54.3) | 25,170/40,939 (61.5; 62.9) | 1.13 (1.12–1.15) | 1.16 (1.14–1.17) |
| Accessible rural area | 10,158/18,953 (53.6) | 14,279/23,187 (61.6; 62.5) | 1.15 (1.13–1.17) | 1.17 (1.15–1.19) |
| Remote rural area | 1247/2506 (49.8) | 1812/2897 (62.5; 64.0) | 1.26 (1.20–1.32) | 1.29 (1.22–1.35) |
aDirect age-sex standardization to the 2012 population
bDeprivation and residence missing for 3366 (4.6%) antidepressant users in 2012 and 5300 (5.7%) in 2019
cScottish Executive Urban–Rural Classification