Table 4.
Subgroup analyses based on study sample size, location, design and risk of bias
| Endpoint | Sample size | Location | Study design | Risk of bias | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| < 400 | ≥ 400 | P | Europe | North America | Asia | P | RCT | Observational | P | Low | Moderate | Serious | P | |
| MACE |
0.60 (0.28–1.32) |
0.83 (0.68-1.00) |
0.647 |
0.84 (0.59–1.20) |
- |
0.73 (0.14–3.92) |
0.975 |
0.79 * (0.63–0.99) |
0.80 (0.48–1.34) |
0.971 |
0.79 * (0.63–0.99) |
0.81 (0.45–1.47) |
0.73 (0.17–3.15) |
0.994 |
| Mortality |
0.66 (0.30–1.46) |
0.86 * (0.78–0.96) |
0.194 |
0.79 * (0.67–0.93) |
0.83 * (0.70–0.99) |
0.28 * (0.11–0.71) |
0.108 |
1.02 (0.83–1.24) |
0.80 * (0.70–0.92) |
0.164 |
1.02 (0.83–1.25) |
0.80 * (0.70–0.92) |
2.92 (0.12–70.6) |
0.284 |
| Graft loss |
0.76 (0.33–1.75) |
0.64 (0.36–1.15) |
0.766 |
0.75 * (0.65–0.85) |
0.67 (0.27–1.67) |
0.23 * (0.13–0.42) |
< 0.001 |
1.10 (0.88–1.37) |
0.54 * (0.32–0.90) |
0.039 |
1.05 (0.83–1.33) |
0.70 (0.43–1.14) |
0.39 (0.08–1.95) |
0.681 |
| Hepatotoxicity |
0.66 (0.35–1.24) |
0.82 * (0.71–0.94) |
0.456 |
1.33 (0.26–6.87) |
0.82 * (0.71–0.95) |
- | 0.656 |
0.65 (0.40–1.06) |
0.82 * (0.71–0.95) |
0.377 |
0.71 (0.34–1.47) |
0.81 * (0.70–0.93) |
- | 0.720 |
| Creatine kinase elevation |
0.76 (0.26–2.20) |
1.20 (0.37–3.93) |
0.512 |
0.33 (0.01–7.80) |
- | - | 0.322 |
0.97 (0.50–1.89) |
- | NA |
1.20 (0.37–3.93) |
0.76 (0.26–2.20) |
- | 0.632 |
| Rhabdomyolysis | - |
1.37 (1.10–1.70) |
NA | - |
1.37 (1.10–1.70) |
- | NA |
1.00 (0.06-16.0) |
1.37 (1.10–1.70) |
NA |
1.00 (0.06-16.0) |
1.37 * (1.10–1.71) |
- | NA |
| Diabetes mellitus |
1.22 (0.22–5.61) |
1.12 * (1.07–1.18) |
0.998 |
3.86 * (1.21–12.29) |
0.54 (0.12–2.47) |
1.70 (0.85–3.40) |
0.357 | - |
1.11 (0.38–3.27) |
NA | - |
1.81 (0.55–5.88) |
0.64 (0.09–4.42) |
0.348 |
| Cataract | - |
1.22 * (1.14–1.31) |
NA | - |
1.22 * (1.14–1.31) |
- | NA | - |
1.22 * (1.14–1.31) |
NA | - |
1.22 * (1.14–1.31) |
- | NA |
| Hip fracture |
0.89 (0.67–1.19) |
3.00 (0.13–69.5) |
NA | - |
0.90 (0.68–1.20) |
- | NA |
0.89 (0.67–1.19) |
3.00 (0.13–69.5) |
NA | - |
0.90 (0.68–1.20) |
- | NA |
| Venous thromboembolism | - |
0.92 (0.39–2.19) |
NA | - |
0.92 (0.39–2.19) |
- | NA | - |
0.92 (0.39–2.19) |
NA | - |
0.92 (0.39–2.19) |
- | NA |
| Cancer | - |
0.94 (0.82–1.07) |
NA | - | - | - | NA |
0.94 (0.82–1.07) |
- | NA |
0.94 (0.82–1.07) |
- | - | NA |
Asterisks denote statistical significance. P-values correspond to the significance of the difference of statin effects depending on study sample size, location, design and risk of bias
RR: relative risk; CI: confidence intervals; NA: not applicable; MACE: major adverse cardiovascular events; RCT: randomized controlled trials