Table 1.
Overall study characteristics for 1,386 Project Viva participants included in the study and by hypertensive disorders of pregnancy status.
| Overall (N=1386) Mean ± SD/N(%) | Normotensive (N=1218) Mean ± SD/N(%) | Chronic Hypertension (N=22) Mean ± SD/N(%) | Gestational Hypertension (N=94) Mean ± SD/N(%) | Pre-Eclampsia (N=52) Mean ± SD/N(%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||
| Age at enrollment (years) | 32.3 ± 4.63 | 32.3 ± 4.60 | 34.0 ± 4.46 | 32.0 ± 4.35 | 31.4 ± 5.62 |
| Pre-pregnancy BMI (kg/m2) | 25.0 ± 5.52 | 24.7 ± 5.35 | 28.9 ± 7.23 | 25.8 ± 5.17 | 29.0 ± 6.98 |
| Race and ethnicity | |||||
| NH White | 1005 (72.5) | 885 (72.7) | 13 (59.1) | 78 (83.0) | 29 (55.8) |
| NH Asian | 64 (4.6) | 59 (4.8) | 3 (13.6) | 1 (1.1) | 1 (1.9) |
| NH Black | 178 (12.8) | 148 (12.2) | 4 (18.2) | 9 (9.6) | 17 (32.7) |
| Hispanic | 94 (6.8) | 84 (6.9) | 1 (4.5) | 5 (5.3) | 4 (7.7) |
| More than one race or ethnicity | 45 (3.2) | 42 (3.4) | 1 (4.5) | 1 (1.1) | 1 (1.9) |
| Education | |||||
| <College graduate | 426 (30.7) | 382 (31.4) | 4 (18.2) | 17 (18.1) | 23 (44.2) |
| College graduate | 960 (69.3) | 836 (68.6) | 18 (81.8) | 77 (81.9) | 29 (55.8) |
| Annual household income | |||||
| ≤USD $70,000 | 550 (39.7) | 493 (40.5) | 4 (18.2) | 30 (31.9) | 23 (44.2) |
| >USD $70,000 | 836 (60.3) | 725 (59.5) | 18 (81.8) | 64 (68.1) | 29 (55.8) |
| Smoking status | |||||
| Never smoked | 949 (68.5) | 839 (68.9) | 16 (72.7) | 59 (62.8) | 35 (67.3) |
| Former smoker | 265 (19.1) | 234 (19.2) | 4 (18.2) | 20 (21.3) | 7 (13.5) |
| Smoked during pregnancy | 172 (12.4) | 145 (11.9) | 2 (9.1) | 15 (16.0) | 10 (19.2) |
| Nulliparous | 673 (48.6) | 561 (46.1) | 12 (54.5) | 61 (64.9) | 39 (75.0) |
Note: BMI, Body mass index; NH, Non-Hispanic; SD, Standard deviation.