FIGURE 2.

Left to Right, Top Down; (A,B) Depictions of broilers exhibiting clinical symptoms of vertebral lameness (spondylitis/spondylolisthesis, “kinky back”) in a paraplegic, hock-sitting posture; (C,D) Illustrated anatomical comparison of spondylolisthesis and spondylitis. (A). Typical sitting posture of broilers afflicted with vertebral lameness; (B). Severe vertebral lameness sitting posture, with eversion of the legs; (C). Illustrated transversal cross-section of vertebral column afflicted with spondylolisthesis of the fourth vertebra and compression of the spinal cord in the area due to physical kyphotic angulation of the vertebral canal. Note the relatively intact bone tissue; (D). Illustrated transversal cross-section of vertebral column afflicted with bacterial spondylitis of the fourth vertebral and compression of the spinal cord in the area due to stenosis of the vertebral canal. Note the damaged necrotic bone tissue with caseous exudate within the vertebral body compared to (C).