Table 1.
Characteristics of studies investigating vascular endothelial growth factor in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and healthy controls
| Study | Sample matrix | Controls | Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | Age (years) | M/F | VEGF (Mean ± SD) | n | Age (years) | M/F | VEGF (Mean ± SD) | MDD (years) | ||
| Harada et al. 1998, Japan [35] | S | 10 | Matched | 4/6 | 74.1 ± 31.9 | 10 | Matched | 1/9 | 97.8 ± 52.5 | NR |
| Kikuchi et al. 1998, Japan [36] | S | 20 | 47.5 | 4/16 | 184 ± 62 | 17 | 44.8 | 3/14 | 242 ± 109 | NR |
| Robak et al. 2000, Poland [37] | S | 20 | 45.8 | 3/17 | 124.7 ± 59.7 | 60 | 44.8 | 5/55 | 234.2 ± 209.9 | 9.01 |
| Navarro et al. 2002, Mexico [38] | P | 24 | 29.2 | 5/19 | 88.6 ± 78.9 | 28 | 36.6 | 4/24 | 121.6 ± 83.6 | NR |
| Kuryliszyn–Moskal et al. 2007, Poland [39] | S | 30 | Matched | Matched | 148 ± 40 | 47 | 40.8 | 3/44 | 228 ± 158 | 8.1 |
| Tanaseanu et al. (a) 2007, Romania [40] | P | 10 | NR | NR | 330.3 ± 84.16 | 15 | 35 | 3/12 | 744.2 ± 425.1 | NR |
| Tanaseanu et al. (b) 2007, Romania [40] | P | 10 | NR | NR | 330.3 ± 84.16 | 15 | 45 | 4/11 | 1023.1 ± 259.1 | NR |
| Ciprandi et al. 2008, Italy [41] | S | 40 | 43 | 7/33 | 462.6 ± 275 | 40 | 41.95 | 0/40 | 586 ± 450 | NR |
| Rho et al. 2008, USA [42] | S | 78 | 40.5 | 11/67 | 38.5 ± 52.6 | 109 | 40.2 | 9/100 | 46.6 ± 47.7 | NR |
| Colombo et al. 2009, Italy[43] | P | 80 | 40.1 | 0/80 | 120.7 ± 118.4 | 80 | 42.6 | 0/80 | 307.9 ± 292.2 | NR |
| Hrycek et al. 2009, Poland [44] | S | 24 | 51 | 0/24 | 2869 ± 1625 | 48 | 47 | 0/48 | 3252 ± 1732 | NR |
| Robak et al. 2013, Poland [45] | S | 20 | Matched | 3/17 | 202.5 ± 117.6 | 60 | 39 | 5/55 | 431.9 ± 311.6 | 5.5 |
| Koca et al. 2013, Turkey [46] | NR | 28 | 42.5 | 6/22 | 330.9 ± 195.6 | 23 | 37.9 | 2/21 | 210.2 ± 175.3 | 5.1 |
| Zhou et al. 2014, China [47] | S | 28 | 37.82 | 6/22 | 47.29 ± 52.62 | 54 | 36.81 | 4/50 | 91.47 ± 108.67 | NR |
| Barbulescu et al. 2015, Romania [48] | S | 17 | NR | 1/16 | 31.84 ± 11.74 | 18 | 45 | 2/16 | 68.99 ± 71.06 | 8 |
| Ghazali et al. 2017, Malaysia [49] | S | 26 | 33.19 | 0/26 | 343 ± 146.82 | 92 | 30.43 | 2/90 | 494.89 ± 352.87 | 3.2 |
| Willis et al. (a) 2017, USA [50] | S | 30 | 43.5 | 5/25 | 98 ± 66 | 267 | 47.6 | 15/252 | 206 ± 189 | 16.9 |
| Willis et al. (b) 2017, USA[50] | S | 30 | 43.5 | 5/25 | 98 ± 66 | 45 | 44 | 1/44 | 194 ± 167 | 6.8 |
| Idborg et al. 2018, Sweden [52] | P | 322 | 47.4 | 26/296 | 59 ± 30 | 437 | 46.5 | 35/402 | 73 ± 79 | 11.4 |
| Zhao et al. 2018, China [53] | P | 30 | 30 | 4/26 | 68 ± 27 | 67 | 33.4 | 9/58 | 113 ± 61 | 4.2 |
| El-Gazzar et al. 2019, Egypt [55] | S | 33 | Matched | 0/33 | 76.5 ± 33.01 | 84 | 29.03 | 0/84 | 417.1 ± 410.4 | 5.2 |
| Barraclough et al. 2019, UK [54] | NR | 30 | 40.25 | 0/30 | 54.5 ± 84.8 | 36 | 35.17 | 2/34 | 73.2 ± 97 | NR |
| Tokarska et al. 2020, Poland [56] | S | 24 | 30.9 | 8/16 | 338 ± 258.2 | 36 | 49.6 | 4/32 | 421 ± 342.3 | 14.7 |
| Ene et al. 2023, Romania [57] | S | 60 | 41.7 | 10/50 | 118.6 ± 20.6 | 86 | 43 | 17/69 | 377.3 ± 88.3 | 5.7 |
Legend: MDD, mean disease duration; M/F, male-to-female ratio; NR, not reported; P, plasma; S, serum; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor. VEGF concentrations were expressed as pg/mL