TABLE 3.
Association of lipid polygenic scores with the corresponding observed lipid concentrations stratified by the fish oil intake status and sex (or age) in UKB participants of European ancestry1
| Fish oil intake |
No fish oil intake |
Interaction2 |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lipids | n | (95% CI) | n | (95% CI) | (95% CI) | P value |
| Total cholesterol | ||||||
| Females | 55,969 | 0.314 (0.307, 0.321) | 113,526 | 0.318 (0.314, 0.323) | −0.007 (−0.015, 0.002) | 0.114 |
| Males | 47,769 | 0.290 (0.282, 0.297) | 108,865 | 0.306 (0.301, 0.311) | −0.018 (−0.027, −0.010) | 3.36×10−5 |
| LDL cholesterol | ||||||
| Females | 55,879 | 0.342 (0.335, 0.349) | 113,351 | 0.346 (0.342, 0.351) | −0.006 (−0.015, 0.002) | 0.133 |
| Males | 47,659 | 0.298 (0.291, 0.305) | 108,643 | 0.314 (0.309, 0.319) | −0.018 (−0.027, −0.009) | 4.84×10−5 |
| HDL cholesterol | ||||||
| Females | 50,787 | 0.260 (0.253, 0.268) | 103,067 | 0.250 (0.244, 0.255) | 0.011 (0.001, 0.020) | 0.023 |
| Males | 44,093 | 0.205 (0.198, 0.212) | 100,447 | 0.205 (0.200, 0.209) | 0.000 (−0.008, 0.008) | 0.979 |
| Triglycerides | ||||||
| Females | 55,944 | 0.211 (0.205, 0.217) | 113,463 | 0.218 (0.214, 0.222) | −0.007 (−0.014, 0.000) | 0.067 |
| Males | 47,730 | 0.305 (0.296, 0.314) | 108,752 | 0.318 (0.312, 0.324) | −0.014 (−0.025, −0.003) | 0.011 |
| Total cholesterol | ||||||
| Younger3 | 38,019 | 0.320 (0.312, 0.328) | 120,497 | 0.325 (0.320, 0.329) | −0.006 (−0.015, 0.003) | 0.206 |
| Older3 | 65,719 | 0.292 (0.286, 0.298) | 101,894 | 0.296 (0.291, 0.301) | −0.007 (−0.015, 0.001) | 0.095 |
| LDL cholesterol | ||||||
| Younger | 37,941 | 0.339 (0.331, 0.348) | 120,266 | 0.346 (0.341, 0.351) | −0.007 (−0.017, 0.002) | 0.121 |
| Older | 65,597 | 0.312 (0.305, 0.318) | 101,728 | 0.311 (0.306, 0.316) | −0.002 (−0.010, 0.006) | 0.583 |
| HDL cholesterol | ||||||
| Younger | 34,650 | 0.228 (0.220, 0.236) | 110,062 | 0.226 (0.222, 0.231) | 0.002 (−0.008, 0.011) | 0.736 |
| Older | 60,230 | 0.238 (0.232, 0.245) | 93,452 | 0.229 (0.223, 0.234) | 0.010 (0.001, 0.018) | 0.027 |
| Triglycerides | ||||||
| Younger | 37,985 | 0.253 (0.244, 0.262) | 120,391 | 0.265 (0.260, 0.270) | −0.013 (−0.023, −0.003) | 0.014 |
| Older | 65,689 | 0.253 (0.247, 0.260) | 101,824 | 0.268 (0.262, 0.273) | −0.015 (−0.024, −0.006) | 0.001 |
PGS, polygenic score; UKB, UK Biobank.
The lipid polygenic scores were calculated by utilizing the P + T algorithm and the Graham et al. [19] GWAS with UKB excluded. refers to the change in the observed lipid concentration (in the unit of phenotypic SD) per SD increment in the PGS of the corresponding lipid. These regression analyses were performed with Model 2, which adjusted for sex, age, age2, assessment centers, genotyping array, the top 20 genetic principal components, BMI, Townsend deprivation index, smoking status, alcohol status, physical activity, and statin use.
The interaction P values were obtained from the interaction term between lipid PGS and fish oil supplementation in corresponding models that further adjusted for lipid PGS and fish oil supplementation.
The sample were dichotomized into the younger and the older groups based on the median age.