Table 4. Drugs that treat MASLD by regulating lipid metabolism.
| Drugs | Mechanism | References |
|---|---|---|
| Andrographolide | Inhibits FATP2 | 163 |
| Baicalein | Inhibits fatty acid synthesis; promotes fatty acid oxidation; activates AMPK; inhibits SREBP1 | 164,165 |
| Berberine/oxyberberine | Inhibits fatty acid synthesis; promotes fatty acid oxidation; regulates SIRT3/AMPK/ACC; downregulates SIRT1/FoxO1/SREBP2; inhibits cholesterol synthesis | 166–170 |
| Curcumin | Inhibits CD36, SLC13A5, and ACLY; regulates CYP2E1, SREBP1c, and PPARα | 171–173 |
| Extract of Dillenia indica L. | Regulates SIRT1/pLKB1/AMPK, HMGCR, and PPARα signaling pathways | 174 |
| Extract of Liriope platyphylla | Inhibits fatty acid uptake and synthesis | 175 |
| Extract of root from Arctium lappa L. | Activates AMPK/ACC/CPT1 | 176 |
| Jian Pi Qing Gan Yin decoction | Activates AMPK/PPARα; inhibits LXRα/SREBP1/NF-κB | 177 |
| Kangtaizhi Granule | Regulates PPARγ, SREBP1, pAKT, FAS, and SIRT1 | 178 |
| Limonin | AMPK agonist; downregulates FASN and SREBP1 | 179,180 |
| Naringenin | Activates the CaMKKβ/AMPK/ACC pathway | 181 |
| Paeoniflorin | Activates LKB1/AMPK and PPARα | 182,183 |
| Puerarin | Inhibits fatty acid uptake and synthesis; promotes fatty acid oxidation; inhibits FASN, SREBP1c; activates AMPK | 184,185 |
| Saikosaponin | Inhibits SREBP1c; activates PPARα; inhibits FASN; promotes ACOX1 and CPT1 | 186,187 |
FATP, fatty acid transport protein; AMPK, AMP-activated protein kinase; SREBP, sterol regulatory element-binding protein; ACC, acetyl-CoA carboxylase; ACLY, ATP citrate lyase; PPAR, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor; HMGCR, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl (HMG)-CoA reductase; CPT1, carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1; FASN, fatty acid synthase.