Table 1.
Significance levels (p-values, p) of individual BM concentrations in serum and urine different in patients compared with healthy controls. n: number of patient values are given as minimum and maximum because all parameters in each group were determined on different numbers of samples. p < 0.05 (light grey) is considered significant and p < 0.01 (dark grey) highly significant according to Mann–Whitney U test. All other comparisons gave non-significant differences. We also included p-values of 0.05 to 0.10 to illustrate tendencies. Bold: favored BMs. Urinary concentrations were normalized by creatinine (c). Healthy controls: n = 11–25 for serum; n = 86–101 for urine. Abbreviations: adiponectin (ADP); angiotensinogen (AGT); collagen type XIII (ColXIII); α1-acid glycoprotein (a1AGP); hyaluronan binding protein 2 (HABP2); complement C4 binding protein (C4BP); complement factor H (CFH); complement factor I (CFI); fibrinogen gamma chain (FGG); gelsolin (GS); leucine rich glycoprotein 1 (LRGP1); vitronectin (VTN); complement component C1q (C1q); C-reactive protein (CRP); complement component C9 (C9); formin 1 (FMN); procollagen type I carboxy-terminal propeptide (PICP); transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β); lumican (LUM).
| Parameter | Concentration range | Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome, Hypertension, T2DM | T1DM | Renal Agenesis, Multicystic Renal Dysplasia | Anomalies of the Urinary Tract, Duplex Kidneys | ADPKD, ARPKD | Nephronophthisis | Post-Infectious GN, IgAN, IgAV |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Serum | ||||||||
| n of patients | 7–16 | 11–19 | 11–32 | 10–17 | 5–15 | 3 | 3–8 | |
| ADP | ng/mL | |||||||
| a1AGP | mg/mL | |||||||
| AGT | ng/mL | |||||||
| ColXIII | ng/mL | 0.066 | ||||||
| GS | µg/mL | |||||||
| LRGP1 | pg/mL | |||||||
| HABP2 | ng/mL | 0.066 | ||||||
| PICP | ng/mL | <0.001 | 0.077 | |||||
| TGFβ | ng/mL | 0.049 | 0.047 | 0.068 | ||||
| VTN | µg/mL | 0.003 | 0.032 | 0.001 | ||||
| C9 | ng/mL | 0.056 | ||||||
| C4BP | ng/mL | 0.044 | ||||||
| CRP | ng/mL | 0.003 | 0.020 | |||||
| LUM | ng/mL | |||||||
| FMN | pg/mL | |||||||
| CFH | ng/mL | |||||||
| CFI | ng/mL | |||||||
| FGG | ng/mL | 0.074 | 0.067 | |||||
| C1q | ng/mL | |||||||
| Urine | ||||||||
| n of patients | 10–20 | 40–44 | 25–33 | 9–18 | 10–16 | 3 | 6–8 | |
| ADP | ng/mg c | 0.013 | ||||||
| a1AGP | ng/mg c | 0.064 | 0.003 | |||||
| AGT | ng/mg c | 0.050 | 0.042 | <0.001 | ||||
| ColXIII | ng/mg c | 0.013 | 0.031 | 0.044 | 0.004 | 0.005 | <0.001 | |
| GS | ng/mg c | 0.016 | 0.007 | |||||
| LRGP1 | ng/mg c | 0.019 | ||||||
| HABP2 | ng/mg c | 0.006 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.012 | 0.020 | |
| PICP | pg/mg c | <0.001 | 0.003 | 0.002 | ||||
| TGFβ | pg/mg c | 0.002 | ||||||
| VTN | ng/mg c | 0.046 | 0.003 | 0.029 | ||||
| C9 | pg/mg c | 0.053 | ||||||
| C4BP | ng/mg c | 0.009 | 0.002 | 0.015 | 0.028 | <0.001 | ||
| CRP | pg/mg c | <0.001 | 0.065 | <0.001 | ||||
| CFH | ng/mg c | 0.045 | 0.011 | 0.006 | ||||
| CFI | ng/mg c | 0.020 | <0.001 | |||||
| FMN | pg/mg c | 0.002 | ||||||
| LUM | ng/mg c | |||||||
| FGG | ng/mg c | 0.014 | <0.001 | |||||
| C1q | ng/mg c | 0.029 | 0.035 | |||||