Table 1.
Descriptive characteristics and differences between the four consecutive training phases.
| Transition | General | Specific | Competition | ANOVA p-Value |
η2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Weight (kg) | 82.0 ± 5.8 | 82.3 ± 6.5 | 82.9 ± 6.1 | 83.4 ± 7.1 | 0.055 | 0.24 |
| BMI (kg·m−2) | 23.9 ± 1.0 | 23.9 ± 1.3 | 24.1 ± 1.2 | 24.3 ± 1.2 | 0.061 | 0.23 |
| FM (kg) | 10.3 ± 2.2 | 9.0 ± 1.7 # | 8.9 ± 1.8 # | 8.8 ± 1.5 # | 0.002 * | 0.43 |
| FM (%) | 12.6 ± 3.1 | 11.0 ± 2.5 # | 10.8 ± 2.5 # | 10.7 ± 2.3 # | 0.001 * | 0.45 |
| LBM (kg) | 68.1 ± 6.4 | 69.7 ± 6.9 | 70.3 ± 6.5 # | 70.9 ± 7.5 # | <0.001 * | 0.48 |
| LBM (%) | 82.9 ± 3.1 | 84.6 ± 2.6 # | 84.7 ± 2.6 # | 84.8 ± 2.3 # | 0.001 * | 0.46 |
| ALST (kg) | 33.0 ± 3.7 | 34.0 ± 3.9 | 34.2 ± 3.7 | 35.0 ± 4.6 # | 0.009 * | 0.35 |
| RSMI (kg·m−2) | 9.6 ± 0.8 | 9.9 ± 0.8 | 9.9 ± 0.9 | 10.2 ± 0.9 # | 0.006 * | 0.37 |
| SMM (kg) | 38.4 ± 4.1 | 39.5 ± 4.5 | 39.7 ± 4.2 | 40.7 ± 5.2 # | 0.009 * | 0.34 |
| SMM (%) | 46.7 ± 2.3 | 47.9 ± 1.9 | 47.9 ± 2.0 | 48.6 ± 2.4 # | 0.015 * | 0.32 |
| WBC (109·L−1) | 5.31 ± 1.18 | 4.67 ± 0.79 | 5.03 ± 1.15 | 5.33 ± 1.40 | 0.187 | 0.16 |
| RBC (1012·L−1) | 4.98 ± 0.43 | 4.81 ± 0.31 | 4.76 ± 0.25 | 4.83 ± 0.36 | 0.067 | 0.23 |
| Hb (g∙dL−1) | 8.84 ± 0.67 | 8.71 ± 0.40 | 8.79 ± 0.35 | 8.91 ± 0.42 | 0.500 | 0.08 |
| HCT (%) | 42.0 ± 3.1 | 42.4 ± 2.1 | 41.5 ± 1.9 | 42.1 ± 2.4 | 0.725 | 0.05 |
| CK (U·L−1) | 370 ± 328 | 499 ± 307 | 401 ± 224 | 319 ± 122 | 0.207 | 0.15 |
| VO2max (L·min−1) | 4.24 ± 0.35 | 4.37 ± 0.42 | 4.28 ± 0.43 | 4.29 ± 0.40 | 0.715 | 0.05 |
| VO2max (L·min−1·kg weight −1) | 51.9 ± 4.6 | 53.4 ± 6.9 | 51.7 ± 4.4 | 51.5 ± 3.5 | 0.513 | 0.08 |
| VO2max (L·min−1·kg SMM −1) | 111.2 ± 12.2 | 111.8 ± 18.2 | 108.3 ± 11.6 | 106.2 ± 9.7 | 0.309 | 0.12 |
| HRmax (bpm) | 188 ± 10 | 190 ± 9 | 190 ± 7 | 189 ± 7 | 0.563 | 0.07 |
Abbreviations: BMI—body mass index; ALST—appendicular lean soft tissue; RSMI—relative skeletal muscle index; SMM—skeletal muscle mass; FM—fat mass; LBM—lean body mass; WBC—white blood cells; RBC—red blood cells; Hb—hemoglobin; HCT—hematocrit; CK—creatine kinase; VO2max—maximum oxygen uptake; HRmax—maximum heart rate; * significant ANOVA effect; # different from the transition phase.