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. 2024 Sep 6;13(17):5300. doi: 10.3390/jcm13175300

Table A2.

Mean values and standard deviations of plasma free amino acids (PFAAs), lactate, and ammonia concentrations in sprint-trained athletes at rest, at exhaustion, and during post-exercise recovery after each of the four training phases in a 6-month cycle.

Training Phase Rest Exhaustion Recovery
15 min 30 min
Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD
His Transition 89.0 14.8 83.8 9.8 95.0 14.5 92.6 16.8
General 87.7 11.5 80.5 10.7 89.2 10.9 90.1 15.0
Specific 93.2 11.0 78.9 7.1 89.3 10.6 91.2 15.9
Competition 75.1 9.6 69.9 6.2 77.6 8.4 75.9 7.3
Ile Transition 76.5 23.7 66.3 11.1 69.6 13.2 64.6 14.3
General 86.7 26.7 70.1 17.5 70.3 14.8 69.7 18.3
Specific 98.9 46.2 70.8 24.2 71.0 16.3 75.2 32.1
Competition 83.4 42.7 68.8 23.7 68.6 20.1 69.8 29.8
Leu Transition 143 39 126 15 133 19 126 21
General 155 41 126 25 130 25 131 30
Specific 184 80 135 40 140 32 150 64
Competition 148 68 123 40 128 36 129 52
Lys Transition 210 62 197 46 195 48 194 50
General 226 51 191 34 186 32 190 32
Specific 249 73 205 43 194 41 199 42
Competition 244 81 214 51 198 38 202 39
Met Transition 37.8 15.8 32.5 9.6 34.5 10.5 35.0 10.8
General 38.4 12.5 30.4 7.2 31.4 7.0 33.5 8.8
Specific 44.0 22.7 33.0 14.5 33.2 12.2 34.1 11.3
Competition 37.1 13.7 30.9 7.1 31.4 6.0 31.2 6.4
Phe Transition 76.2 19.5 69.0 11.2 72.1 13.6 72.7 12.7
General 75.4 14.6 64.4 7.9 66.9 8.5 70.4 11.6
Specific 83.3 25.1 66.9 17.9 69.2 15.4 70.9 16.2
Competition 68.9 15.6 60.3 10.4 62.5 10.5 63.3 9.1
Thr Transition 163 54 132 33 151 46 156 52
General 170 54 126 27 142 30 153 32
Specific 185 41 136 23 150 26 159 29
Competition 146 36 111 21 126 22 127 23
Trp Transition 53.1 17.4 39.1 9.2 43.4 10.6 49.6 11.6
General 57.9 10.9 36.6 6.1 41.3 6.5 50.3 6.2
Specific 64.1 21.5 41.7 12.4 47.0 13.8 52.4 11.2
Competition 47.4 11.7 32.9 6.8 37.3 7.4 42.0 6.7
Val Transition 291 68 256 44 288 68 280 54
General 336 89 279 62 297 89 311 72
Specific 370 128 289 81 314 128 322 95
Competition 316 101 267 68 292 101 295 75
Arg Transition 87.4 19.1 82.8 17.0 83.7 15.9 81.9 16.1
General 92.3 21.2 81.7 15.4 79.0 14.8 79.1 14.1
Specific 106.5 17.1 89.0 14.3 85.5 9.1 87.8 13.3
Competition 86.8 17.7 79.3 13.1 72.2 11.1 75.5 14.8
Cyss Transition 31.4 6.0 27.1 6.5 34.5 5.7 37.8 7.5
General 34.9 13.8 29.9 6.1 35.7 6.8 37.2 6.5
Specific 35.7 7.1 29.5 6.3 34.0 7.2 35.2 6.2
Competition 30.6 5.9 25.8 4.8 30.8 4.1 30.2 7.5
Gln Transition 762 117 763 95 756 83 778 85
General 776 104 748 89 743 109 790 99
Specific 812 91 759 79 739 67 807 104
Competition 623 53 609 36 594 57 625 43
Gly Transition 226 56 204 49 200 48 212 52
General 231 72 193 49 191 58 207 64
Specific 233 53 197 44 191 45 205 58
Competition 203 40 182 33 175 44 185 42
Pro Transition 254 75 218 45 256 71 269 79
General 259 83 208 53 234 53 260 64
Specific 283 109 211 56 235 54 257 56
Competition 212 43 168 20 195 26 201 19
Tyr Transition 91.9 40.5 80.5 26.0 85.8 31.5 85.1 29.3
General 93.8 29.6 78.6 20.5 81.1 19.1 84.3 20.5
Specific 119.0 76.9 92.7 55.4 95.7 52.9 96.2 51.4
Competition 84.5 35.1 72.3 23.4 74.4 20.9 74.2 21.4
Ala Transition 356 88 496 70 530 99 504 99
General 381 91 464 55 517 64 509 66
Specific 395 95 464 67 514 90 497 95
Competition 358 96 454 77 461 79 474 73
Asn Transition 75.1 21.6 62.7 13.3 66.5 12.7 70.6 17.0
General 80.0 19.8 60.5 10.0 66.9 10.6 71.3 16.1
Specific 84.8 33.2 64.4 18.3 67.5 15.8 71.3 15.3
Competition 76.2 24.1 58.8 12.5 63.7 13.3 66.7 15.7
Asp Transition 2.02 0.84 2.40 1.03 3.05 0.94 2.24 0.80
General 1.65 0.50 1.63 0.53 2.75 0.63 2.57 1.29
Specific 1.77 1.06 1.58 0.42 2.46 0.65 1.73 0.24
Competition 2.12 1.18 2.22 1.21 4.30 3.10 2.61 1.26
Glu Transition 14.5 6.0 13.3 4.6 33.9 5.1 32.8 6.9
General 16.1 6.0 10.9 4.1 31.0 7.5 31.5 10.2
Specific 15.3 4.6 10.0 2.6 29.8 5.6 26.3 3.7
Competition 14.3 5.8 10.3 3.3 32.6 7.5 30.6 10.3
Ser Transition 106.8 34.2 87.9 23.0 99.1 23.7 104.8 29.8
General 110.9 28.9 85.3 20.4 98.8 22.8 104.5 23.6
Specific 118.4 36.3 86.5 20.7 96.7 17.9 101.5 25.4
Competition 85.5 22.8 67.1 15.9 82.8 28.3 81.9 19.5
1MHis Transition 9.1 8.6 8.5 8.7 9.3 8.5 8.5 8.7
General 16.5 10.5 13.9 9.1 14.5 9.2 15.6 9.9
Specific 22.1 19.4 18.2 16.0 19.1 17.0 20.1 17.1
Competition 9.6 8.8 7.8 6.7 8.8 8.5 8.9 8.4
3MHis Transition 6.37 1.21 6.43 1.39 7.01 1.47 6.86 1.72
General 6.70 1.26 6.68 1.51 6.85 1.39 7.25 1.51
Specific 7.09 1.50 6.55 1.23 6.90 1.29 7.60 1.69
Competition 6.46 1.64 6.09 1.45 6.68 1.48 6.65 1.47
Aad Transition 1.07 0.50 1.18 0.39 1.36 0.39 1.16 0.42
General 1.21 0.56 1.39 0.66 1.45 0.62 1.37 0.56
Specific 1.69 1.21 1.78 1.65 1.64 1.13 1.54 0.92
Competition 1.81 1.33 1.78 1.35 1.75 1.06 1.50 0.97
Abu Transition 25.3 11.5 20.2 9.1 24.3 10.9 25.0 11.3
General 19.5 7.0 14.8 4.8 15.9 6.9 18.2 6.2
Specific 21.9 7.5 16.1 5.1 18.7 6.0 19.7 5.2
Competition 22.0 7.4 16.7 4.8 19.9 5.5 20.3 5.5
bAib Transition 2.30 1.28 2.68 1.48 2.66 1.45 2.37 1.28
General 2.33 1.18 2.67 1.43 2.66 1.42 2.42 1.18
Specific 2.21 0.75 2.32 0.65 2.30 0.61 2.16 0.75
Competition 2.42 0.78 2.65 0.94 2.49 0.97 2.54 0.78
bAla Transition 30.4 7.3 31.9 7.3 34.9 5.5 36.2 9.6
General 30.6 6.6 26.8 4.0 30.0 6.1 34.5 7.9
Specific 30.6 6.4 30.1 6.7 30.1 5.3 35.7 4.8
Competition 41.1 8.6 32.0 11.8 42.1 7.2 33.1 11.7
Cit Transition 32.7 3.3 31.0 3.3 31.7 4.1 29.9 4.1
General 33.9 4.9 30.8 4.4 32.8 4.8 32.3 3.7
Specific 39.7 10.0 32.9 6.2 34.7 6.0 35.0 7.1
Competition 29.2 3.9 26.2 4.0 27.6 4.0 27.7 4.9
EtN Transition 8.26 1.20 11.04 1.51 10.62 1.21 9.35 1.45
General 8.10 1.15 11.10 1.18 10.30 1.33 9.56 1.99
Specific 8.76 1.44 11.46 1.95 10.13 1.44 9.63 1.43
Competition 9.45 0.93 12.14 1.48 10.90 1.26 9.77 1.40
Hyp Transition 13.7 5.9 10.6 4.2 12.2 4.2 13.2 4.9
General 13.5 5.3 10.1 3.9 11.6 4.5 12.5 4.0
Specific 13.1 3.3 9.9 2.8 11.1 3.0 12.2 3.6
Competition 12.7 4.6 9.1 3.2 10.9 4.0 11.3 4.3
Orn Transition 63.0 18.7 55.3 13.9 57.9 14.8 55.0 15.6
General 67.7 15.5 55.7 11.8 53.3 9.6 58.9 14.1
Specific 73.6 15.4 59.0 8.3 57.0 8.6 58.8 10.3
Competition 55.6 10.3 49.6 10.1 48.5 12.1 49.4 12.6
PEtN Transition 1.36 0.39 1.99 0.47 1.68 0.35 1.48 0.34
General 1.78 1.11 2.07 0.41 1.93 0.36 1.59 0.35
Specific 1.83 0.59 2.15 0.40 1.89 0.40 1.63 0.36
Competition 1.44 0.38 1.70 0.25 1.68 0.27 1.44 0.24
Sar Transition 3.64 0.38 3.54 0.54 3.74 0.45 3.72 0.59
General 3.84 0.97 3.75 0.65 3.94 0.78 4.11 0.61
Specific 4.22 1.20 3.88 0.77 3.95 0.63 4.15 0.69
Competition 4.75 0.64 3.85 0.49 4.55 0.54 4.23 0.67
Tau Transition 37.4 5.8 42.2 6.5 44.9 5.4 41.9 7.1
General 41.7 18.1 41.9 9.4 43.8 11.0 41.2 11.3
Specific 38.5 8.1 39.9 7.8 41.2 8.2 38.9 8.2
Competition 33.8 6.5 34.1 6.3 35.6 5.7 33.0 5.4
Proteinogenic Transition 3147 655 3038 374 3231 471 3249 517
General 3311 573 2966 304 3134 337 3275 378
Specific 3575 791 3060 462 3199 415 3341 441
Competition 2943 574 2707 325 2808 229 2883 273
Essential Transition 1140 292 1002 157 1082 196 1072 202
General 1234 265 1004 146 1054 145 1098 175
Specific 1371 421 1055 229 1107 202 1155 246
Competition 1166 357 977 203 1022 165 1036 209
non-Essential Transition 2007 377 2037 235 2149 297 2177 328
General 2077 358 1962 197 2080 239 2177 247
Specific 2204 382 2004 246 2091 230 2187 251
Competition 1777 242 1730 131 1786 142 1847 111
BCAA Transition 511 128 448 68 491 80 471 85
General 578 153 475 101 498 102 511 117
Specific 653 251 495 143 525 124 548 188
Competition 547 210 459 129 489 112 494 151
non-Proteinogenic Transition 235 23 227 25 242 28 235 37
General 247 39 222 24 229 26 239 20
Specific 265 31 234 24 239 25 247 25
Competition 230 24 204 21 221 23 210 21
Total PFAAs Transition 3382 672 3265 389 3473 490 3484 543
General 3558 601 3187 323 3363 352 3514 393
Specific 3841 813 3294 478 3437 427 3588 457
Competition 3173 588 2911 332 3029 240 3093 285
Lactate Transition 1.34 0.50 11.07 1.21 7.12 1.93 4.50 1.55
General 1.34 0.57 10.42 1.67 6.32 1.69 3.66 1.51
Specific 1.11 0.33 10.21 1.25 6.14 1.98 3.30 1.41
Competition 0.94 0.19 9.75 1.30 5.22 1.30 2.67 0.92
Ammonia Transition 31.5 4.0 92.8 8.0 62.4 8.5 40.0 5.6
General 28.3 3.7 80.2 7.1 53.0 8.4 35.7 4.6
Specific 25.9 2.3 70.6 7.0 45.5 5.1 32.2 4.9
Competition 22.8 4.8 66.2 4.3 43.1 4.6 27.6 4.4
Phe:Tyr ratio Transition 0.90 0.18 0.91 0.19 0.90 0.19 0.91 0.19
General 0.84 0.15 0.85 0.17 0.85 0.17 0.86 0.17
Specific 0.77 0.16 0.79 0.17 0.80 0.18 0.81 0.20
Competition 0.86 0.15 0.87 0.16 0.87 0.16 0.89 0.16
Gln:Glu ratio Transition 59.1 22.3 63.6 24.5 22.8 4.0 24.5 5.4
General 54.3 23.9 79.1 34.0 25.9 9.9 27.6 9.8
Specific 56.2 12.0 81.0 24.8 25.9 6.4 31.7 9.4
Competition 48.6 15.9 63.9 16.7 19.2 5.0 22.5 7.3