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. 2024 Aug 28;13(17):5116. doi: 10.3390/jcm13175116

Figure 1.

Figure 1

A model of the immunopathogenesis underlying damage to local nasal structures and autoimmune reactions in cocaine and levamisole-induced vasculitis (Created with www.app.biorender.com accessed on 25 May 2024). ANCAs: anti-neutrophils cytoplasmatic antibodies; APC: antigen-presenting cell; MPO: myeloperoxidase; NETs: neutrophil extracellular traps; PR3: proteinase 3.