Figure 1.

Structure of Semi-Structured Interviews. The semi-structured interviews comprised five key components to elicit diverse speech samples from participants: (i) Standard clinical evaluation—clinical scales; (ii) cognitive task—Stroop test: assessing executive function–inhibition (approximately 3 min); (iii) standard text reading: patients read “The Rainbow Passage” to evaluate vocal ability (approximately 2 min); (iv) non-emotional storytelling: describing the “Cookie Theft” picture from the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination to evoke minimal emotional response (approximately 3 min); (v) emotional storytelling: recounting autobiographical memories with emotional significance (approximately 3 min). Interviews, lasting about 40 min, were conducted by mental health professionals using consistent techniques to minimize the interviewer's influence on participant language content.