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. 2024 Aug 27;13(17):5072. doi: 10.3390/jcm13175072

Table 2.

A summary of the determinants of reported clinical outcomes through meta-regression analyses.

Coefficient SE Z P Low CI High CI
Union rate
 Universal Robots −2.54082 2.304537 −1.1 0.27 −7.05764 1.975986
 Tianji Robot 0.93305 1.775284 0.53 0.599 −2.54644 4.412544
 Follow-up (month) 0.043397 0.065153 0.67 0.505 −0.0843 0.171095
 Sample size −0.00764 0.014116 −0.54 0.588 −0.03531 0.020026
 Mean age (year) −0.07405 0.089556 −0.83 0.408 −0.24958 0.101473
R2 = 0%; I2 = 0%
Union Time (days)
 Bi-planar robot −0.902 12.397 −0.070 0.942 −25.199 23.395
 Universal Robots 13.861 20.143 0.690 0.491 −25.620 53.341
 GD-2000 Robot −15.649 25.399 −0.620 0.538 −65.430 34.132
 Tianji Robot 0.446 5.416 0.080 0.934 −10.169 11.062
 TiRobot Advance −21.236 16.661 −1.270 0.202 −53.890 11.418
 Follow-up (month) 1.113 0.709 1.570 0.116 −0.277 2.503
 Sample size −0.351 0.173 −2.020 0.043 −0.690 −0.011
 Mean age (year) 0.027 0.577 0.050 0.963 −1.105 1.159
R2 = 100%; I2 = 0%
Harris Score
 Bi-planar robot −2.884 2.129 −1.350 0.175 −7.056 1.288
 Universal Robots −3.031 2.850 −1.060 0.288 −8.617 2.556
 GD-2000 −1.587 3.096 −0.510 0.608 −7.654 4.481
 Tianji Robot 2.153 3.778 0.570 0.569 −5.252 9.558
 TiRobot Advance 0.935 3.162 0.300 0.767 −5.262 7.133
 Follow-up (month) −0.035 0.090 −0.390 0.695 −0.211 0.141
 Sample size 0.001 0.023 0.050 0.961 −0.044 0.046
 Mean age (year) −0.054 0.103 −0.520 0.601 −0.255 0.148
R2 = 0%; I2 = 78.86%
Operative Time (min)
 Bi-planar robot −24.266 10.722 −2.260 0.024 −45.280 −3.251
 Universal Robots 18.863 14.914 1.260 0.206 −10.367 48.094
 GD-2000 −1.844 15.550 −0.120 0.906 −32.323 28.634
 Tianji Robot −8.777 14.779 −0.590 0.553 −37.743 20.188
 TiRobot Advance −21.372 14.532 −1.470 0.141 −49.856 7.111
 Follow-up (month) 0.698 0.458 1.530 0.127 −0.199 1.595
 Sample size 0.167 0.139 1.200 0.230 −0.106 0.440
 Mean age (year) 0.160 0.508 0.310 0.753 −0.836 1.156
R2 = 33.43%; I2 = 97.13%
Frequency of Fluroscopy
 Bi-planar robot −20.472 3.989 −5.130 0.000 −28.290 −12.655
 Universal Robots −32.172 3.941 −8.160 0.000 −39.896 −24.447
 GD-2000 −4.283 4.806 −0.890 0.373 −13.702 5.137
 Tianji Robot 2.493 3.095 0.810 0.421 −3.574 8.559
 TiRobot Advance −0.787 3.234 −0.240 0.808 −7.125 5.552
 Follow-up (month) 0.014 0.113 0.130 0.898 −0.207 0.236
 Sample size 0.060 0.033 1.830 0.068 −0.004 0.124
 Mean age (year) −0.450 0.175 −2.570 0.010 −0.792 −0.107
R2 = 94.67%; I2 = 85.30%
Frequency of Guide Pin Insertion
 Bi-planar robot −3.126 3.980 −0.790 0.432 −10.927 4.675
 Universal Robots −7.283 3.637 −2.000 0.045 −14.411 −0.155
 GD-2000 4.888 4.797 1.020 0.308 −4.515 14.291
 TiRobot Advance 0.913 3.127 0.290 0.770 −5.216 7.041
 Follow-up (month) −0.202 0.180 −1.120 0.262 −0.556 0.151
 Sample size 0.013 0.039 0.340 0.738 −0.063 0.089
 Mean age (year) −0.503 0.263 −1.910 0.056 −1.018 0.013
R2 = 44.45%; I2 = 92.81%
Intraoperative Blood Loss (mL)
 Bi-planar robot 21.287 14.230 1.500 0.135 −6.604 49.179
 Universal Robots −37.713 14.017 −2.690 0.007 −65.186 −10.241
 GD-2000 18.924 15.664 1.210 0.227 −11.777 49.625
 Tianji Robot 1.532 13.189 0.120 0.908 −24.318 27.381
 TiRobot Advance −4.107 12.578 −0.330 0.744 −28.760 20.546
 Follow-up (month) −0.789 0.487 −1.620 0.105 −1.744 0.165
 Sample size −0.225 0.106 −2.110 0.035 −0.433 −0.016
 Mean age (year) −2.980 0.826 −3.610 0.000 −4.598 −1.362
R2 = 51.16%; I2 = 96.49%

The reference (comparison) group in the robot type variable was TiRobot. Bold values indicated statistically significant results (p < 0.05). SE: standard error; CI: confidence interval; P; p-value.