Table 1.
Detailed components of the materials used in the present study.
| Material | Type | Manufacturer | Components | Polymerisation Mode |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Equia Forte (batch number (BN): 190520A) + Equia Forte coating (self-adhesive, lightcuring resin coating) (BN: 181219A) |
Glass Ionomer | GC, Tokyo, Japan | Powder: 95% strontium fluoro alumino-silicate glass, 5% polyacrylic acid Liquid: 40% aqueous polyacrylic acid Equia Forte Coat: 40–50% methyl methacrylate, 10–15% colloidal silica, 0.09% camphorquinone, 30–40% urethane methacrylate, 1–5% phosphoric ester monomer |
Chemical + Lightcuring 20 s (coating) |
| Clearfil Universal Bond Quick (BN: 6B0214) |
Adhesive | Kuraray Noritake Dental, Tokyo, Japan | 10-Methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP), bisphenol A diglycidylmethacrylate (Bis-GMA), 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), hydrophilic amide monomers, colloidal silica, silane coupling agent, sodium fluoride, dl-camphorquinone, ethanol, water | Lightcuring 10 s |
| Clearfil Majesty ES Super Low Flow (BN: 1N0030) | Superfilled composite resin (nanohybrid flowable composite) | Kuraray Noritake Dental, Tokyo, Japan | TEGDMA, hydrophobic aromaticdimethacrylate, silanated barium glass filler, pre-polymerized organic filler | Lightcuring 20 s |
| Clearfil Majesty ES standard (BN: CP0104) |
Nanosuperfilled composite resin | Kuraray Noritake Dental, Tokyo, Japan | Silanated barium glass filler, prepolymerized organic filler, Bis-GMA, hydrophobic aromatic dimethacrylate, hydrophobic aliphatic dimethacrylate, dl-camphorquinon acceleratos, initiators, pigments (78 wt%, 66 vol%) | Lightcuring 20 s |
| Surefil One (BN: 2006000062) |
Bulk fill self-adhesive composite | Dentsply Sirona, Konstanz, Germany | Aluminium-phosphor-strontium-sodium-fluoro-silicate glass, water, highly dispersed silicon dioxide, acrylic acid, polycarboxylic acid (MOPOS), ytterbium fluoride, bifunctional acrylate (BADEP), self-cure initiator, iron oxide pigments, barium sulfate pigment, manganese pigment, camphorquinone, stabilizer | Dual, lightcuring 20 s |
| Cention Forte (BN: Z01CR7) + Cention Forte primer |
Bioactive powder-liquid filling material | Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein | Powder: barium aluminum silicate glass, ytterbium trifluoride, isofiller, calcium barium aluminum fluorosilicate glass, calcium fluoro silicate glassLiquid: urethane dimethacrylate, tricyclodecan- dimethanol dimethacrylate, tetramethyl-xylylene diurethane dimethacrylate, polyethylene glycol 400 dimethacrylate, ivocerin, hydroxyperoxide | Capsule: Dual, 2 × 5 s Adhesive: selfcuring |
| Adhese Universal (BN: Y45234) | Universal adhesive | Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein | Bis-GMA, HEMA, MDP, MCAP, decandiol dimethacrylate, dimethacrylate, ethanol, water, initiator, stabilizers, silicon dioxide | Lightcuring 3 s |
| Tetric Powerfill (BN: Z009FB) |
Nanohybrid composite resin | Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein | Bis-GMA, Bis-EMA, UDMA, PBPA, DCP, β-allyl sulfone (filler mass 76–77%, vol 53–54%) | Lightcuring 3 s |