Table 1. Research framework of physical exercise intervention on shoulder mobility and upper limb function of patients after breast cancer surgery (PICOS).

Population	Intervention	Comparison	Outcome	Study
Postoperative breast cancer patient, undergone surgical treatment	Interventionists: therapists	Physical exercise was compared with control group or physical exercise combined with conventional treatment group was compared with conventional treatment group	Upper limb function (CMS, DASH)	RCT
Age ≥18 years	Intervention prescription: include physical exercise or enhanced physical exercise in addition to standard treatments, with at least one experimental group using physical exercise as an intervention on top of the same rehabilitation protocol as the control group	Subgroup analysis:	Shoulder range of motion (shoulder forward flexion, shoulder abduction)
No mental abnormality or cardiopulmonary dysfunction		Comparison of form, intensity, duration, intervention cycle and frequency of physical exercise
		Comparison of different postoperative intervention time

CMS, Constant and Murley Score; DASH, Disability of Arm, Shoulder and Hand; RCT, randomized controlled trial.