| Chinese traditional exercises |
Chinese traditional exercises, grounded in the rich heritage of Chinese culture, emphasize martial arts techniques and incorporate routines, combat forms, and exercise practices as primary activities. This study encompasses traditional physical activities, including Tai Chi, Baduanjin, and Yangge dance |
| Resistance exercise |
Resistance exercise involves the active engagement of muscles in overcoming external resistance. This study incorporates various forms of resistance training, including equipment-based resistance exercises, progressive resistance training, and isokinetic strength training |
| Aerobic exercise + resistance exercise |
Aerobic exercise is characterized by activities that predominantly rely on aerobic metabolism to meet energy demands. Resistance exercise entails the active engagement of muscles in overcoming external resistance. This study encompasses combined aerobic and resistance exercises, integrating both types of exercise interventions |
| Ball exercise |
Ball games refer to sports or recreational activities that fundamentally involve the use of a ball. This study encompasses ball games, specifically Swiss ball exercises and football |
| Comprehensive exercise |
Comprehensive exercise entails the integration of multiple exercise modalities and training methodologies. This study encompasses various comprehensive exercises, including progressive combined exercises, rehabilitation exercises, inertia training, proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation, therapeutic exercises, and home-based exercises |
