Table 2.

Univariable and Multivariable Logistic Regression Models for Predictors Showing Associations With the Binary Primary Outcome Status (Comparison Set A: The High-Resilience Group vs the High-Risk Susceptible Control Group; Comparison Set B: The High-Resilience Group vs the Low-Resilience Group) in Cohort 1

Variable	Comparison set A: The high-resilience group vs the susceptible control group						Comparison set B: The high-resilience group vs the low-resilience group
	Univariable regression			Multivariable regression			Univariable regression			Multivariable regression
	OR	95% CI	p Value	OR	95% CI	p Value	OR	95% CI	p Value	OR	95% CI	p Value
Demographic information
Race
White	Reference						Reference
Other	0.429	0.126–1.461	0.18				1.273	0.137–11.786	0.83
Sex (female)	1.727	0.767–3.892	0.19				0.864	0.261–2.853	0.81
Visit age, y	0.922	0.874–0.974	0.003a	0.871	0.805–0.942	0.001	0.916	0.852–0.984	0.016a	0.877	0.796–0.966	0.008
Years of education	1.04	0.915–1.182	0.55				1.228	0.988–1.526	0.06a
Occupational score	0.747	0.573–0.974	0.03a				0.676	0.458–0.996	0.048a
Genetics
APOE
22, 23	Reference		0.56				Reference		0.22
33	1.1	0.301–4.019	0.89				1	0.176–5.696	1
24, 34, 44	1.75	0.429–7.136	0.44				3.5	0.404–30.342	0.26
Family pathogenic variation
PSEN1	Reference		0.02a				Reference		0.07a
PSEN2	Infinity		1				Infinity		1
APP	0.412	0.092–1.835	0.25				0.235	0.042–1.313	0.1
Present illness
Traumatic brain injury (present)	1.164	0.262–5.171	0.84				0.566	0.098–3.275	0.53
Hypertension (present)	0.31	0.054–1.782	0.19				0.224	0.029–1.741	0.15
Hypercholesterolemia (present)	1	0.263–3.81	1				0.235	0.06–0.923	0.038a
Psychiatric disease (present)	0.872	0.278–2.735	0.81				0.423	0.108–1.657	0.22
Depression (present)	0.144	0.056–0.371	<0.001a	0.166	0.051–0.535	0.003	0.118	0.034–0.412	0.001a	0.105	0.021–0.514	0.005
Hachinski ischemic score
0	Reference		0.001a				Reference		0.010a
1	0.315	0.082–1.214	0.09				0.727	0.073–7.2	0.79
2–7	0.059	0.007–0.498	0.009				0.045	0.005–0.45	0.008a
Tobacco 100 (present)	1.494	0.668–3.339	0.33				1.069	0.344–3.326	0.91
Packs per day
1 cigarette–0.5 pack	Reference		0.45				Reference		0.98
0.5–1 pack	2.727	0.724–10.269	0.14				1.023	0.189–5.526	0.98
1–1.5 pack	1.818	0.272–12.17	0.54				1.091	0.086–13.778	0.95
N/A	1.255	0.451–3.496	0.66				1.318	0.28–6.21	0.73
Alcohol use (present)	1.121	0.252–4.979	0.88				0.591	0.103–3.393	0.56
Substance abuse (present)	0.898	0.264–3.06	0.86				0.528	0.119–2.346	0.4
Social contact
Cohabitating (yes)	0.583	0.225–1.51	0.27				1.556	0.482–5.019	0.46
Living status
Lives alone	Reference		0.96				Reference		0.25
Lives with spouse or partner	1.037	0.268–4.018	0.96				3	0.606–14.864	0.18
Lives with relative, friend, group, or others	0.889	0.192–4.114	0.88				1.2	0.212–6.801	0.84
Residency (single family residence)b	3.105	0.272–35.443	0.36				4.214	0.248–71.584	0.32
Marital status (married, living as married)c	0.925	0.388–2.203	0.86				2.466	0.78–7.797	0.12
Physical activity (per 10 METs-min/week increase)
Walking	1	0.996–1.004	0.98				1.004	0.993–1.015	0.5
Jogging	0.997	0.982–1.013	0.75				1	0.976–1.025	0.98
Running	0.992	0.971–1.014	0.48				1.653	Infinity	1
Biking	1.003	0.994–1.012	0.54				0.996	0.988–1.004	0.31
Tennis	0.998	0.983–1.013	0.78				0.994	0.98–1.007	0.37
Swimming	0.986	0.955–1.018	0.39				0.977	0.944–1.012	0.19
Aerobics	0.996	0.989–1.004	0.35				1.006	0.985–1.027	0.58
Low-intensity exercise	1.018	0.989–1.048	0.22				1.015	0.974–1.058	0.48
Vigorous exercise	0.998	0.995–1.001	0.24				0.998	0.993–1.002	0.3
Weight lifting	0.983	0.955–1.011	0.23				0.979	0.953–1.006	0.13
Total physical activity volume	0.999	0.997–1.001	0.41				0.999	0.997–1.002	0.64
Moderate-intensity exercise (3.0–5.9 METs)	1.001	0.997–1.004	0.65				1.002	0.996–1.008	0.58
High-intensity exercise (≥6.0 METs)	0.998	0.995–1.001	0.15				0.998	0.995–1.001	0.27
IPIP (domain)
Collateral-reported scores
Neuroticism	0.962	0.937–0.989	0.005a				0.976	0.943–1.01	0.17
Extraversion	1.076	1.034–1.121	<0.001a				1.044	0.993–1.096	0.09a
Openness to experience	1.089	1.035–1.146	0.001a	1.068	1.005–1.135	0.03	1.031	0.976–1.088	0.27
Agreeableness	1.016	0.985–1.049	0.32				1.073	1.022–1.127	0.005a	1.082	1.015–1.153	0.02
Conscientiousness	1.042	1.018–1.067	0.001 a	1.051	1.016–1.086	0.004	1.02	0.988–1.054	0.22

Abbreviations: Cohabitating = living with someone else; IPIP = International Personality Item Pool; MET = metabolic equivalent; N/A = not available; OR = odds ratio; packs per day = average number of packs per day smoked; Tobacco 100 = smoked more than 100 cigarettes in his or her lifetime.

The p values were obtained from univariable and multivariable logistic regression models used to regress the event (asymptomatic, high pathology [high-resilience group], group 2) or control (symptomatic, high pathology, group 4) status (comparison set A), as well as the event (asymptomatic, high pathology [high-resilience group], group 2) or control (symptomatic, low pathology [low-resilience group], group 3) status (comparison set B). The corresponding odds ratios and their 95% CIs are shown. Statistical significance (p < 0.05) is indicated by bold font.

^aVariables with p < 0.1 in the univariable regression were selected for inclusion in multivariable models by backward stepwise elimination.

^bThe reference category for residency includes others.

^cThe reference category for marital status includes others (widowed, divorced, separated, or never married).