Table 2.

All published RCTs on HSG/tubal flushing with oil-based compared to water-based CM

Author	Year	Oil-based CM	Water-based CM	Pregnancies oil	Pregnancies water	p value
Schwabe et al [21]	1983	Ethiodol*	Sinografin*	11/56 (20%)	7/65 (11%)	NS
Alper et al [16]	1986	Lipiodol	Diatrizoate	14/46 (30%)	15/60 (25%)	NS
Boer de et al [22]	1988	Ethiodol*	Iopamidol	30/87 (34%)	23/88 (26%)	< 0.1
Rasmussen et al [17]	1991	Lipiodol	Diatrizoate Ioxaglate Iohexol	33%	Dia: 12% Iox: 17.6% Ioh: 20.8%	= 0.04
Lindequist et al [18]	1994	Lipiodol	Iotrolan*	29/121 (24%)	24/121 (20%)	= 0.44
Spring et al [23]	2000	Ethiodol*	Sinografin*	53/273 (19%)	54/260 (20%)	= 0.64
Dreyer et al [11]	2017	Lipiodol	Telebrix hystero*	220/554 (40%)	161/554 (29%)	< 0.001
Zhang et al [14]	2022	Lipiodol	Iohexol Iopromide Ioverol*	136/473 (29%)	96/479 (20%)	= 0.001

Sinografin: A mixure of 52.7% diatrizoate meglumine and 26.8% iodipamide meglumine. Both high osmolar ionic CM

Telebrix hystero: Ioxothalamic acid meglumine, a high osmolar ionic CM

Diatrizoate: High-osmolar, ionic CM. Branded under several names

Iopamidol: Low-osmolar, non-ionic CM. Branded under several names

Ioxaglate: Low-osmolar, ionic CM. Branded as Hexabrix

Iohexol: Low-osmolar, non-ionic CM. Branded as Omnipaque

Iotrolan: Iso-osmolar, non-ionic CM. Branded as Isovis

Iopromide: Low-osmolar, non-ionic CM. Branded as Ultravist

Ioverol: Low-osmolar, non-ionic CM. Only available in China

^*Not commercially available