Table 4.
Interobserver agreement for image quality assessment of standard, DL, and HR-DL CAIPIRINHA-VIBE on precontrast and HBP images
| Image quality parameter | Precontrast Image | HBP Image | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Standard CAIPIRINHA-VIBE | DL CAIPIRINHA-VIBE | Standard CAIPIRINHA-VIBE | DL CAIPIRINHA-VIBE | HR-DL CAIPIRINHA-VIBE | |
| Liver edge sharpness | 0.349–0.723 | 0.149–0.770 | 0.324–0.746 | 0.136–0.757 | 0.066–0.812 |
| Hepatic vessel conspicuity | 0.428–0.686 | 0.412–0.762 | 0.177–0.645 | 0.327–0.705 | 0.327–0.830 |
| Bile duct conspicuity | … | … | 0.380–0.769 | 0.357–0.743 | 0.318–0.824 |
| Respiratory motion artifact | 0.106–0.693 | 0.056–0.631 | 0.211–0.725 | 0.117–0.595 | 0.187–0.769 |
| Cardiac ghosting artifact | 0.202–0.728 | 0.283–0.814 | 0.205–0.751 | 0.283–0.774 | 0.336–0.699 |
| Ringing artifact | 0.475–0.801 | 0.420–0.821 | 0.579–0.841 | 0.422–0.833 | 0.613–0.763 |
| Perceived SNR | 0.690–0.841 | 0.695–0.878 | 0.480–0.767 | 0.369–0.743 | 0.423–0.789 |
| Subjective noise level | 0.698–0.749 | 0.743–0.791 | 0.726–0.802 | 0.727–0.838 | 0.507–0.776 |
| Synthetic appearance | 0.460–0.792 | 0.437–0.825 | 0.444–0.815 | 0.286–0.789 | 0.234–0.685 |
| Overall artifact level | 0.782–0.856 | 0.799–0.908 | 0.809–0.857 | 0.799–0.905 | 0.689–0.763 |
| Overall image quality | 0.768–0.818 | 0.779–0.936 | 0.754–0.830 | 0.799–0.920 | 0.660–0.778 |
Data are ranges of Gwet’s AC1 coefficients among three readers
Interobserver agreement was assessed by the AC1 coefficients, as follows: 0.01–0.20, slight agreement; 0.21–0.40, fair agreement; 0.41–0.60, moderate agreement; 0.61–0.80, substantial agreement; and 0.81–1.00, almost perfect agreement
CAIPIRINHA controlled aliasing in parallel imaging results in higher acceleration, DL deep learning, HBP hepatobiliary phase, HR high resolution, SNR signal–noise ratio, VIBE volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination