Table 2 Glycan and protein ligands of galectins in tumors

Galectin	Glycan ligand	Protein ligand	Reference
GAL-1	Terminal LacNAc residues	CD7, CD43, CD45, CD69, VEGFR, MCAM/CD146	[ 39, 41, 42]
GAL-3	Wide range of LacNAc residues	MUC1, CD45, CD71, LAG-3, α3β1 integrin, CD98	[ 8, 39, 49, 51, 53, 58, 59]
GAL-9	Prefers poly-LacNAc repeats	TIM-3, PD-1, VISTA, CD44, Dectin-1, Dectin-2, ERMAP	[ 9, 39, 54– 57, 60– 62]