Fig. 3.

Organ chip technology for the generation of human organoids. (A) An organ chip for enhancing the vascularization and tubular morphological maturation of kidney organoids. Copyright 2019, Spring Nature. (B) On-chip mini-intestines were realized by adopting scaffold-guided organoid morphogenesis. Copyright 2020, Spring Nature. (C) Liver-cardiac organoids on a chip, resembling human liver-heart axis for studying hepatic metabolism-dependent cardiotoxicity. Copyright 2021, The Royal Society of Chemistry. (D) An automated multiplexer control system for combinatorial and dynamic drug screening on human tissue-derived tumor organoids. Copyright 2020, Spring Nature [83,85,89,94].