Table 1.

Review of energy saving researches in the literature.

Researcher	The year of publication	Research object	Factor
Levine et al. [46]	2012	Washington University undergraduate students	Demographics (age, gender), knowledge, Attitude, Intention
Lee et al. [47]	2016	University students in Malaysia	Attitude, Subjective Norms, Self-efficacy, Intention
Paço et al. [44]	2017	University students in Portugal	Demographics (age, gender), knowledge, Attitude
Rasool et al. [42]	2019	University students in Karachi, Pakistan	Demographics (age, gender, education, income), Awareness of Consequences, Sense of responsibility, Personal norm, Attitude, Subjective Norms, Perceived behavioral control, Intention
Boca et al. [43]	2019	University students in Baia-Mare, Romania	Environmental education, perception, Attitude, Intention
Hansmann et al. [14]	2020	Swiss University students	Demographics (age, gender), green self-identity, Subjective Norms, Perceived behavioral control, psychological variables, Intention
Janmaimool et al. [45]	2021	University students in Thailand	Environmental concern, Perceived self-efficacy, Self-responsibility, Action knowledge, Perceived benefits
Wang et al. [15]	2021	University students in China	Gender, Grade, Discipline, Comfort preference, Energy conservation value, Knowledge, Perceived self efficacy, Intention
Du et al. [28]	2022	university students in Hong Kong	Attitude, Subjective Norms, Perceived behavioral control, Personal moral norm, Intention
Wang et al. [48]	2022	University students in China	attitude, perceived responsibility, perceived behavior control, subjective norms, energy-saving intention,
Majdi et al. [49]	2022	University students in Kuwait	Attitude, Subjective norms, Perceived behavior control、Environmental Knowledge, Awareness of Consequences
Babatunde et al. [41]	2023	University students in Malaysia	Social norms, Perceived control, Environmental awareness, Energy literacy, Personal attitudes
Liu et al. [50]	2023	University students in China	Attitude, Perceived behavioral control, Subjective norms, Personal norms
Heib Liu et al. [51]	2023	University students in Germany	Personal norm, Energy saving intention, Perceived behavior control, Personal norm
Wang Liu et al. [52]	2024	University students in China	Attitude, Subjective norms, Perceived behavioral control, Personal norms
Duong Liu et al. [53]	2024	University students in Vietnam	Subjective norms, Perceived behavioral control, Scription of responsibility, AAwareness of consequences
Heib Liu et al. [54]	2024	University students in Germany	Descriptive social norm, Injunctive social norm, Personal norm, Perceived behavioral control, Energy saving intention, Attitude