Fig. 4. Map of M. pyrifera sampling locations across the Southern California Bight and the farm location.

This map illustrates each of the four sampling sites. The northernmost population of Arroyo Quemado has a 1–2 °C colder average SST compared to the southernmost population of Camp Pendleton, CA³⁹. The farm location is proximal to the Santa Barbara coastline and demarcated by a white circle. This distribution highlights the distinct sampling regions. Geographic distribution of the farm and sampling locations were marked using latitude and longitude coordinates. The R package “rnaturalearth” was employed to retrieve the base map, the R packages, “maps”, “sf”, “ggspatial”, and “tidyverse” were used to manipulate the spatial data and to plot the map.