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. 2024 Sep 10;19:9333–9349. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S473463

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© 2024 Zhang et al.

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Physicochemical characterization of _ERFe₃O₄ NPs. (a) SEM image and (b) TEM image of hollow Fe₃O₄ NPs. (c) XRD pattern, (d) STEM and the elemental mapping images of hollow Fe₃O₄ NPs. (e) XPS spectra of Fe2p region of hollow Fe₃O₄ NPs. (f) N₂ adsorption/desorption isotherm of hollow Fe₃O₄ NPs. (g) A calibration curve using HPLC spectroscopy was employed to assess the efficiency of emodin loading. (h) Protein analysis of gRBCs, _RFe₃O₄ NPs and Marker by using SDS-PAGE. Samples were stained with Coomassie Brilliant. (i) Size and (j) Zeta potential of gRBCs, Fe₃O₄ NPs, _EFe₃O₄ NPs and _ERFe₃O₄ NPs.