Table 1.
Clinically approved and licensed mucosal vaccines for use in humans.
| Type | Pathogen (Disease) |
Vaccine | Administration Route |
Approval year |
References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Live-attenuated | lnfluenza A/B viruses (Influenza) | FluMist™ | Intranasal | 2003 | (159) |
| Vibrio cholerae (Cholera) | Vaxchora™ | Oral | 2015 | (160) | |
| Rotavirus (Diarrheal) | RotaTeq™ | Oral | 2006 | (161) | |
| Rotarix™ | Oral | 2008 | (161) | ||
| Salmonella typhimurium (Typhoid) | Typhi Vivotif™ | Oral | 2013 | (162) | |
| Poliovirus (Polio) | Oral polio vaccine (OPV™) | Oral | 1961 | (163) | |
| Inactivated | Vibrio cholerae (Cholera) | Dukoral™ | Oral | 2003 | (164) |
| Shanchol™ | Oral | 2013 | (165) | ||
| Euvichol™ | Oral | 2013 | (165, 166) |