Fig. 5.

The therapeutic effect observation of 3D bioprinting skin organoid in promoting the closure of skin defects in immunodeficiency mice. (A) The general observation of wound was photted by digital camera in every 4 days. (B) Representative photographs of the acute wound treated with different dressing. The red rubber ring was an anti-shrinkage ring with an inner diameter of 1 cm. With the duration of treatment, the wounds of all three groups tended to heal, and the printed organoid group showed the best rate of wound healing. Scale bar = 500 mm. (C) Simulation plots of wound closure. (D) The quantitative analysis of wound closure, (E) wound length of the wound sections in day 0, 4, 8, 12, 16. n = 6. At the same time point, the printed organoid group of mice had the smallest area of non-healing wounds, showing statistical differences in comparison with the remaining two groups at day 12 and 16. Statistical significances were analyzed using t-test and one-way ANOVA. *P < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 compared with control group.