Table 1.
Matched cohort study: association between gabapentinoid use and adverse outcomes.
| Gabapentin | Rate per 10,000 person-years | Hazard ratio (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exposed (n = 391,655) | Unexposed (n = 391,655) | Unadjusted | Adjusted* | |
| Misuse | 233.0 (226.6-239.5) | 74.3 (70.8-77.9) | 3.13 (2.96-3.30) | 2.40 (2.25-2.55) |
| Overdose | 51.6 (48.8-54.5) | 10.4 (9.2-11.8) | 4.96 (4.33-5.67) | 2.99 (2.56-3.49) |
| Major trauma | ||||
| 0-2.5 y | 222.0 (215.1-229.0) | 219.1 (212.4-226.2) | 1.01 (0.97-1.06) | 1.35 (1.28-1.42) |
| 2.5-10 y | 195.9 (184.6-208.0) | 107.6 (99.2-116.7) | 1.82 (1.65-2.01) | 1.73 (1.56-1.92) |
| Pregabalin | Rate per 10,000 person-years | Hazard ratio (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exposed (n = 226,685) | Unexposed (n = 226,685) | Unadjusted | Adjusted* | |
| Misuse | 260.2 (252.7-267.9) | 78.2 (73.8-81.9) | 3.32 (3.12-3.52) | 2.41 (2.25-2.58) |
| Overdose | 85.8 (81.7-90.0) | 9.8 (8.5-11.3) | 8.71 (7.51-10.11) | 4.09 (3.47-4.82) |
| Major trauma | ||||
| 0-2.5 y | 243.9 (235.3-252.8) | 221.8 (213.6-230.3) | 1.10 (1.04-1.16) | 1.36 (1.28-1.44) |
| 2.5-10 y | 195.2 (185.0-206.0) | 113.4 (105.7-121.8) | 1.72 (1.57-1.88) | 1.63 (1.48-1.79) |
Previous trauma and overdose when these were the outcomes of interest.
Misuse analysis in those with no history of misuse only.
*
Adjusted for age, sex, index of multiple deprivation rank quintiles, previous mental health diagnosis, concurrent use of antidepressants, benzodiazepines, nonbenzodiazepine hypnotics (Z-drugs), opioids.