FIG. 1.

(a) Asymmetric effect of NSP4 on the integrity of polarized MDCK-1 cells. NSP4 and VP6 were administered (50 μl) to the apical (A) or the basolateral (B) surfaces of filter-grown polarized MDCK-1 monolayers, followed by determination of TER at different time points. TER is presented as a percent of the TER of mock-treated cells. Mean values are presented (n = 4). (b) NSP4 demonstrates a dose-dependent effect on MDCK-1 cells. NSP4 and VP6 were administered (50 μl) in different concentrations to the apical surface of filter-grown MDCK-1 cells, and resistance was determined after different time points. Mean values are presented (n = 4).