Table 2. Associations of Emergency Department Boarding Time With Experienced Discrimination, by Race and Ethnicity.
| Characteristic | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | P value | Global P value | Adjusted OR (95% CI)a | P value | Global P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boarding time, h | ||||||
| <4 | 1 [Reference] | NA | .01 | 1 [Reference] | NA | .01 |
| 4 to <24 | 0.98 (0.60-1.59) | .93 | 1.03 (0.63-1.69) | .90 | ||
| ≥24 | 1.73 (1.08-2.79) | .02 | 1.84 (1.14-2.99) | .01 | ||
| Marginalized race and ethnicityb,c | ||||||
| Boarding time, h | ||||||
| <4 | 1 [Reference] | NA | .03 | 1 [Reference] | NA | .03 |
| 4 to <24 | 1.16 (0.59-2.26) | .67 | 1.33 (0.67-2.65) | .41 | ||
| ≥24 | 2.18 (1.13-4.24) | .02 | 2.36 (1.20-4.65) | .01 | ||
| Non-Hispanic Whitec | ||||||
| Boarding time, h | ||||||
| <4 | 1 [Reference] | NA | .29 | 1 [Reference] | NA | .20 |
| 4 to <24 | 0.91 (0.44-1.89) | .80 | 0.95 (0.45-2.00) | .89 | ||
| ≥24 | 1.48 (0.73-2.99) | .28 | 1.65 (0.79-3.29 | .18 |
Abbreviations: NA, not applicable; OR, odds ratio.
a
Adjusted for age, sex, language, and insurance type.
b
Includes Asian, Hispanic, Native American or Alaska Native, non-Hispanic Black and/or African American, and multiracial. See eTable 1 in Supplement 1 for additional details.
c
Adjusted P values reported according to the Benjamini-Hochberg correction for multiple comparisons.