TABLE 2.

Distribution of Otopathogens in Middle Ear Fluid Collected by Tympanocentesis at Acute Otitis Media Episodes, 2021–2023

Middle Ear Fluids	Total Taps	Total AOM Episodes With MEF Collection
	n = 216	n = 139
Spn	33 (15%)	26 (19%)
Spn oxacillin nonsusceptible*	14 (42%)	12 (46%)
Hflu	75 (35%)	56 (40%)
Hflu β-lactamase-producing*	16 (21%)	15 (27%)
Mcat †	29 (13%)	24 (17%)

Three episodes of AOM with tympanic membrane rupture and otorrhea were included; inclusion required that otorrhea cultures were obtained within 24 hours of rupture. No cases of group A streptococcus were observed in the cohort.

^*The percentage of antibiotic susceptibility (oxacillin nonsusceptibility and β-lactamase production) is calculated from total Spn and Hflu isolates as the denominator, respectively.

^†All of the Mcat strains were β-lactamase (+).

MEF indicates middle ear fluid.