Skip to main content
. 2024 Sep 4;15:1392539. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1392539

Table 4.

Volatile organic compounds expressed in the mean area% of samples measured by the SPME-GC/MS method in the Pinaceae family and categorized by plant organs.

Name of the compound
(only the relevant components are listed)
KI RRT Chemical composition of samples investigated
of the Pinaceae family
(mean, area%)
resin bark cones needles
n=15 n=22 n=19 n=47
Tricyclene 914 4.9 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.7
α-Thujene 914 4.9 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.0
α-Pinene 923 5.1 19.8 17.2 13.1 12.6
Camphene 941 5.5 1.2 1.9 0.5 3.8
Sabinene 964 6.0 1.2 0.0 0.4 0.3
β-Pinene 968 6.1 6.2 5.1 6.6 8.3
β-Myrcene 977 6.3 1.0 0.3 4.4 4.5
δ-3-Carene 1003 6.8 0.6 1.7 1.3 5.6
α-Terpinene 1018 7.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0
p-Cymene 1018 7.2 0.8 4.7 0.4 0.1
Limonene 1023 7.3 7.5 4.9 3.7 4.6
β-Phellandrene 1023 7.3 3.4 0.4 4.5 5.7
Terpinolene 1077 8.5 0.9 0.1 0.3 1.7
α-Campholenal 1119 9.4 0.3 0.1 0.7 0.0
trans-Pinocarveol 1133 9.7 0.7 0.6 1.3 0.0
cis-Verbenol 1138 9.8 0.8 0.3 1.1 0.0
Camphor 1143 9.9 0.0 0.7 0.0 0.0
Pinocarvone 1157 10.2 0.0 0.3 0.7 0.0
Borneol 1167 10.4 0.1 1.4 0.1 0.9
Terpinen-4-ol 1176 10.6 1.3 1.0 0.2 0.3
α-Terpineol 1190 10.9 1.7 2.6 0.2 0.3
Myrtenol 1190 10.9 0.6 0.2 0.7 0.0
Myrtenal 1190 10.9 0.0 0.2 1.3 0.0
Verbenone 1200 11.1 0.4 2.1 1.4 0.0
Thymol, methyl ether 1221 11.5 0.2 0.0 0.3 0.7
Piperitone 1247 12.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.8
Bornyl acetate 1279 12.6 1.4 5.0 4.1 10.6
α-Longipinene 1344 13.9 0.6 0.7 0.4 0.1
α-Copaene 1372 14.3 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.6
β-Bourbonene 1383 14.5 0.4 0.3 0.0 0.1
β-Elemene 1383 14.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.7
Longifolene 1412 15.0 3.6 7.7 4.8 0.4
β-Caryophyllene 1418 15.1 0.5 0.8 2.8 7.9
β-Farnesene 1441 15.5 0.6 0.1 0.5 0.1
α-Humulene 1453 15.7 0.1 0.1 0.9 2.1
γ-Muurolene 1476 16.1 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.6
Germacrene D 1482 16.2 0.1 0.1 1.6 4.3
β-Selinene 1492 16.4 1.0 0.4 0.2 0.9
α-Muurolene 1492 16.4 0.8 1.1 0.8 1.0
α-Farnesene 1492 16.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.4
α-Selinene 1500 16.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6
β-Himachalene 1500 16.5 0.2 0.1 1.3 0.2
γ-Cadinene 1513 16.7 0.5 1.1 1.1 1.4
δ-Cadinene 1519 16.8 0.8 1.0 1.0 2.1
α-Cadinene 1538 17.1 0.0 0.3 0.0 1.1
Nerolidol 1550 17.3 0.8 0.2 0.0 0.2
Caryophyllene oxide 1588 17.9 0.2 0.5 1.0 0.1
τ-Cadinol 1640 18.7 0.0 0.7 0.1 0.5
τ-Muurolol 1653 18.9 0.0 0.6 0.2 0.6
α-Cadinol 1653 18.9 0.0 0.9 0.1 0.5
Eudesm-7(11)-en-4-ol 1667 19.1 0.1 1.1 0.1 0.4
Cadalene 1673 19.2 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0

KI, calculated Kovats index; n, number of the measured samples; RRT, relative retention times.